[Event "World Championship Match"] 
[Site "USA New York, NY (Manhattan Chess Club)"] 
[Date "1890.12.09"] 
[Round "01"] 
[White "Steinitz,W."] 
[Black "Gunsberg,I.A."] 
[Result "1/2-1/2"] 
[ECO "D35"] 
[LongECO "D35/01 (3rd ed.)"] 
[Opening "Queen's Gambit Declined"] 
[Annotator "Gunsberg & Steinitz"] 
[Source "The Sun, New York, 1890.12.10"]
[Source "The World, New York, 1890.12.10"]
[Source " New-York Daily Tribune, 1890.12.10"] 
1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.f3 
{Gunsberg: Quite new at this stage of the game.  Steinitz
 favors this move, whether as first or second player, to
 defend his center if the adverse dark square bishop is shut
 out from c5.  As will be seen the text move also enables
 him to utilize his knight to fortify his center by bringing
 it to f2 via h3.;
 Steinitz: Perfectly new in this opening, adopted with a
 view to forming a center and taking advantage of the
 confined position of the adverse light square bishop.}
4...Nc6 
{Gunsberg: Steinitz advises in close openings not to develop
 this knight to c6 before the c-pawn has been moved.  I
 selected this move, however, in order to force White to
 play his pawn to e3, or else he would lose a pawn by
 5...dxc4.;
 Steinitz: Probably the best way to stop the advance in the
 center.}
5.e3 
{Steinitz: If 5.e4 dxe4 6.d5 exd5 7.cxd5 Ne5, with a good
 game.}
5...Be7 6.Nh3 
{Steinitz: A better outlet for the knight than at e2 later
 on, for the latter plan would have necessitated White's
 moving his light square bishop to d3, where Black would
 have had an opportunity of attacking it by ...Nb4.}
6...0-0 7.Nf2 Re8 {[0:08-0:08]} 8.Be2 Bb4 9.Bd2 e5
{[0:24-0:31];
 Gunsberg: By this properly prepared move Black assumes the
 initiative, preventing his opponent from establishing a
 strong center, and finally breaking up his queen's wing.}
10.dxe5 Rxe5 {[0:38-0:37]} 11.cxd5 
{Steinitz: 11.Nd3 Bxc3 (best) 12.bxc3 Re8 13.cxd5 Qxd5 (or
 13...Nxd5) 14.e4 would have given White a more superior
 game still.}
11...Nxd5 12.e4 
{Gunsberg: 12.Nd3 instead would have been met by 12...Bxc3.}
12...Nxc3 13.bxc3 Ba5 
{Gunsberg: Black has now the better position for the
 endgame.}
14.Qc2 Re8 
{Gunsberg: The rook is here safer, and more useful.}
15.0-0 Bb6 {[0:55-0:55]} 16.Kh1 Qe7 17.Nd3 Ne5 
{Gunsberg: 17...f5 looked very tempting, but would have been
 met with 18.Nf4.  If then Black 18...fxe4, White retakes
 and obtains a very open game, for if 19...Qxe4 20.Bd3.
 There were also other moves, as Bc4+, by which White would
 obtain a formidable attack.;
 Steinitz: If 17...f5 instead, White would answer 18.Nf4,
 and if then 18...fxe4 19.fxe4, and evidently Black dare not
 again capture on account of the reply 20.Bd3, and anyhow
 White gets a powerful attack.}
18.Nxe5 Qxe5 19.Bd3 
{Steinitz: White might, perhaps, have pressed the attack
 with more prospects of success by 19.f4 Qxe4 20.Bd3,
 followed by 21.Bxh7+.}
19...Rd8 
{Gunsberg: In anticipation of 20.f4, which now could be
 parried by 20...Qd6.}
20.Rad1 
{Steinitz: If 20.f4 Qd6 21.Rad1, and now Black dare not take
 the bishop on account of the reply 22.Bc1, but he wins,
 nevertheless, by 21...Bg4.}
20...Be6 {[1:11-1:11]} 21.Bc1 Qa5 22.c4 Bd4
{Gunsberg: The bishop is here well posted, as it also
 prevents the adverse bishop from going to b2.}
23.Bd2 {(Adjourned)} 23...Qh5
{(Sealed) [1:24:30-1:37];
 Gunsberg: At this stage the game was adjourned for dinner
 at 5pm.}
24.Bf4 
{Gunsberg: White might have proceeded here more attackingly
 with 24.f4.}
24...c6 
{Gunsberg: Of course not 24...Be5, because of 25.g4, winning
 a piece.;
 Steinitz: A very good move.  It helps Black to obtain the
 drawn result, and is much stronger than 24...c5.}
25.Be2 
{Gunsberg: Here again 25.e5 would have been played by an
 attacking player.}
25...Qc5
{[1:34-1:50];
 Steinitz: Black threatens now ...b5, and the game is now
 well balanced that a draw is a fair result.}
1/2-1/2 

[Event "World Championship Match"] 
[Site "USA New York, NY (Manhattan Chess Club)"] 
[Date "1890.12.11"] 
[Round "02"] 
[White "Gunsberg,I.A."] 
[Black "Steinitz,W."] 
[Result "0-1"] 
[ECO "C62"] 
[LongECO "C62/01 (3rd ed.)"] 
[Opening "Spanish: Steinitz"] 
[Annotator "Gunsberg & Steinitz"] 
[Source "The Sun, New York, 1890.12.12"]
[Source "The World, New York, 1890.12.12"]
[Source "New-York Daily Tribune, 1890.12.12"]
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 d6
{Gunsberg: Steinitz recommends this move as the safest
 defense to the Ruy Lopez.;
 Steinitz: A defense that has been little thought of though
 occasionally tried by old masters.  Recently I gave it as
 the best in my "Modern Chess Instructor," but there is
 still some opposition to it.}
4.c3 
{Gunsberg: Very tame and not suited to White's character of
 play.  4.d4, as remarked above, would have led into a
 variation of Philidor's Knight game, which, with the sole
 exception of Steinitz, is considered in favor of the first
 player.;
 Steinitz: A sort of Giuoco Piano attack which holds good in
 many variations in this opening.}
4...Bd7 
{Steinitz: 4...f5 is the answer given in the "Modern Chess
 Instructor," but I considered the text move equally good.}
5.0-0 Nge7
{[0:05-0:05];
 Steinitz: If 5...Nf6 6.d3, etc.}
6.d4 Ng6 7.d5 
{Gunsberg: Although Black loses ground temporarily, the
 white queen's wing is weakened by this advance.;
 Steinitz: A question of style, in which I am opposed to
 many masters.}
7...Nb8 {[0:15-0:15]} 8.Bxd7+ Nxd7 9.Na3
{Gunsberg: This and the next move of the knight are pure
 loss of time.;
 Steinitz: 9.c4 followed by 10.Nc3, was, I believe, his best
 plan.}
9...Be7 {[0:19-0:19]} 10.Nc2 Nc5 {[0:19-0:26]}
{Gunsberg: Black with tactical sagacity posts his knight
 where it does the most good.  Although it is self-evident
 that the subsequent entrance of this piece at c3 via a4
 could not be foreseen at the present stage the second
 player shows his master hand by selecting the best spot
 available for his avant garde.;
 Steinitz: This knight is now strongly placed, for, as will
 be seen, it could not be dislodged without further
 disadvantage for White.}
11.Qe2 Qd7 12.b4 
{Gunsberg: This weakens his queen's wing.  He had, however,
 to guard against ...Nf4, which would have forced him to
 give up his bishop for the knight, as well as against
 ...Qg4.;
 Steinitz: 12.b3 was, I think, much preferable.}
12...Na4 13.Bd2 0-0 14.c4 
{Gunsberg: Very weak.  14.g3 ought to have been played here.
 White's play is far below his usual standard.}
14...f5 
{Gunsberg: Black presses the attack with his noted vigor and
 precision.;
 Steinitz: Having arranged his pieces in battle order, Black
 proceeds with his attack against the obvious mark in the
 king's center.}
15.exf5 Qxf5 {[0:54-0:36]} 16.Rac1 Rae8
{[0:54-0:58];
 Steinitz: I studied twenty minutes for this move because
 16...Nb2 seemed to yield some promise, but on consideration
 I concluded to make another strong developing move, which
 was sure to be useful in the end.}
17.Nfe1 
{Gunsberg: 17.Kh1 was better.}
17...Bg5 
{Gunsberg: An excellent move.  White cannot afford to take
 this bishop, as the adverse knight will finally enter at
 f4.;
 Steinitz: There is hardly any escape from this that I can
 see.}
18.g3 
{Gunsberg: Too late now.;
 Steinitz: If White had played 18.Bxg5 then 18...Qxg5,
 followed by 19...Nf4 or 19...e4, accordingly with an
 irresistible attack.}
18...Nc3 
{Gunsberg: A brilliant and suprising coup, which crushes
 White's game entirely.}
19.Bxc3 
{Steinitz: Forced.}
19...Bxc1 20.Ng2 Qf3 {[1:24-1:29]} 21.Qxf3 Rxf3 22.Nge3 Bxe3
23.Nxe3 Ref8 24.Kg2 c6 
{Steinitz: This is the decisive move that breaks the pawns
 and gains entrance for Black's rooks in the adverse camp.}
25.Bb2 cxd5 {[1:34-1:34]} 26.Nxd5 Rd3
{(Adjourned);
 Gunsberg: Threatening to win a pawn by ...Rc8.}
27.Bc1 {(Sealed)} 27...b5 28.Ne3 bxc4 29.Nxc4 Rd4 30.Ne3
Rxb4 {[2:04-1:34]} 31.Rd1 Rb1 32.Ba3 Rxd1 33.Nxd1 Rd8 34.f3
d5 35.Nc3 d4 36.Ne4 Rb8 37.h4 h5 38.Kf2 Rb1 39.Bd6 Rb2+
40.Ke1 Rxa2 {[2:12-1:41]} 0-1

[Event "World Championship Match"] 
[Site "USA New York, NY (Manhattan Chess Club)"] 
[Date "1890.12.13"] 
[Round "03"] 
[White "Steinitz,W."] 
[Black "Gunsberg,I.A."] 
[Result "1/2-1/2"] 
[ECO "D31"] 
[LongECO "D31/07 (3rd ed.)"] 
[Opening "Classic Semi-Slav"] 
[Annotator "Gunsberg & Steinitz"] 
[Source "The Sun, New York, 1890.12.14"]
[Source "The World, New York, 1890.12.14"]
[Source "New-York Daily Tribune, 1890.12.14"] 
1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 c6
{Gunsberg: Recommended by Rosenthal and invariably adopted
 by Gunsberg.;
 Steinitz: With a view of playing ...dxc4 and then
 supporting the captured pawn by ...b5.}
4.e3 Nf6 5.f3 
{Steinitz: Black's third move does in no way counteract
 White's tactics, which are still quite feasible, and it
 also gives the first player a slight pull.}
5...Bb4
{[0:06-0:03];
 Steinitz: Certainly superior to 5...Be7 as played in a
 similar position in the first game of this match.}
6.Nh3 Nbd7
{Gunsberg: While White moves by carrying out his plans of
 development, Black brings his pieces rapidly into play with
 a view of assuming the attack.;
 Steinitz: Also better than 6...0-0 and 7...Re8; he gains
 his point of breaking in the center much sooner.}
7.Nf4 0-0 
{Gunsberg: Better than 7...e5 at once.}
8.Be2 
{Steinitz: This was probably not as good as 8.Bd2.}
8...dxc4
{[0:29-0:18];
 Gunsberg: In order to avert the danger of his d-pawn
 becoming isolated he ought to have exchanged pawns.}
9.Bxc4 e5 10.Nfe2 
{Gunsberg: After 10.dxe5 Nxe5 11.Qxd8 Rxd8, the position
 would be in Black's favor.}
10...exd4 {[0:40-0:21]} 11.exd4 
{Steinitz: Here 11.Qxd4 was undoubtedly stronger.}
11...Nb6 12.Bb3 Bf5 
{Steinitz: The bishop here is exposed to attacks and to
 being shut in; 12...Bd7 was much preferable.}
13.Bg5 Be7 14.0-0 Nfd5 
{Gunsberg: He would have done better to preserve his
 dark-square bishop, which would have rendered powerful
 assistance in keeping up the pressure on White's weak
 d-pawn.}
15.Bxe7 Nxe7 {[1:00-0:39]} 16.Ng3 Bg6 17.Nce4 Nbd5 18.Qd2 b6
{Gunsberg: To prevent the adverse knight from entering at
 c5.;
 Steinitz: Black conducts his defense in an extremely
 difficult position with very good judgment.}
19.Rae1 Qd7 20.Re2 Rad8 {[1:22-0:56]} 21.Rfe1 Nf5 22.Nc3
Nxg3
{[1:30-1:20];
 Gunsberg: Perhaps 22...Nde7 would have been preferable.}
23.hxg3 Nxc3 
{Gunsberg: Not having adopted the line of play indicated
 above he had nothing better, for instance, 23...Nf6 24.Re7
 Qxd4+ 25.Qxd4 Rxd4 26.Rxa7, with a slight pull.}
24.bxc3 Rfe8 25.Qf4 Rxe2
{[1:40-1:30];
 Gunsberg: Rather forced, for White would exchange rooks,
 followed by 28.Qc7.}
26.Rxe2 Kf8
{[1:40-1:30];
 Steinitz: For, if 26...Re8 at once, then 27.Qc7 Qd8 (best)
 28.Qxd8, followed by Re7, with an excellent game.}
27.Kf2 {(Adjourned) [1:45-1:46]} 27...Qd6
{(Sealed) [2:06-1:46]} 1/2-1/2

[Event "World Championship Match"] 
[Site "USA New York, NY (Manhattan Chess Club)"] 
[Date "1890.12.15"] 
[Round "04"] 
[White "Gunsberg,I.A."] 
[Black "Steinitz,W."] 
[Result "1-0"] 
[ECO "C50"] 
[LongECO "C50/03 (3rd ed.)"] 
[Opening "Italian: Pianissimo"] 
[Annotator "Gunsberg & Steinitz"] 
[Source "The Sun, New York, 1890.12.16"]
[Source "The World, New York, 1890.12.16"]
[Source "New-York Daily Tribune, 1890.12.16 & 17"]
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.d3 Nf6 5.Be3 Bxe3
{[0:02-0:03];
 Steinitz: The Giuoco Piano has not yet come within the
 province of an analysis in my work, but it is generally
 known to first-class masters that I hold different views as
 regards the treatment for the defense to those which have
 been long established, and it may be assumed that Gunsberg
 either really discovered a flaw in my demonstrations, or
 merely thought so.  One if the main points of my divergence
 from the accepted notions occurred as early as the fifth
 move, where my line of play in capturing the bishop and
 opening the adverse f-file for the opponent's rook has
 generally been condemned hitherto.  This variation I played
 first against Mason in Vienna in 1882.}
6.fxe3 d6 7.0-0 Na5 8.Bb5+ 
{Steinitz: Another feature of my defense in this opening
 came out on my seventh move, and then my opponent entered
 on a line of attack that is already known to experts in
 similar positions, viz., to check with the bishop at b5,
 with a view of drawing on the adverse pawns on the
 queenside and thereby weakening them.}
8...c6 
{Gunsberg: Black intends to take the bishop, after which
 White would remain with doubled pawns on b-file and e-file.
 White's mode of playing this opening always been to develop
 his pieces rapidly and to castle either on the queenside,
 or when the f-file is open, as in the present game, on the
 kingside.}
9.Ba4 Qb6 
{Gunsberg: Had Black played 9...b5 10.Bb3 Nxb3 the command
 of the open a-file and the weakness of Black's a-pawn would
 fully compensate White for the inferior position of his
 pawns.  Black's move in the text is not favorable.  It is
 contrary to established principles to bring out the queen
 so early in the game.}
10.Qd2 
{Gunsberg: An important developing move.;
 Steinitz: My counter attack against the b-pawn on the ninth
 move was apparently hazardous, for my opponent, in his
 answer, threatened to confine and ultimately win my queen
 in case I took the b-pawn, and otherwise he threatened to
 win a piece.}
10...Ng4
{[0:09-0:32];
 Gunsberg: If 10...Qxb2 11.Qxa5 Qxa1 12.Nbd2 Qb2 13.Rb1
 would win the queen, as Black can neither take the a-pawn
 nor play 13...Qa3, because of 14.Bxc6+.}
11.Re1 
{Gunsberg: He might here have won two minor pieces for the
 rook by 11.b4 Nxe3 12.bxa5 Nxf1+ 13.axb6 or 13.Kxf1.  But
 Black would remain with an unbroken phalanx of eight pawns
 and White should ultimately lose his far advanced pawn.;
 Steinitz: On my tenth move it was evident that I intended
 to sacrifice two minor pieces for the rook and at least one
 pawn (in some variations I would have got two) with a
 strong game for the ending, the exchange of queens being
 forced.  But Gunsberg avoided that contingency, and I think
 very wisely, and then I had to direct my attention to the
 release of my confined a-knight, which was fully
 accomplished on my thirteenth move.}
11...Qa6 {[0:29-0:33]} 12.c3 f6 13.Bc2 
{Gunsberg: White has succeeded in preserving his bishop.
 Had he played 13.b4, Black would have replied with
 13...b5.}
13...c5 
{Steinitz: At this point I believe I would have done better
 by playing 13...b6 and then retreating ...Nb7 and ...Nd8,
 which would have made both wings inaccessible to the
 adverse pieces.  The move actually left a "hole" at d5,
 which, however, was much compensated for by the adverse
 double pawn in the center.  My opponent then turned his
 attention to that "hole" at d5 which he tried to occupy
 with one of his minor pieces, and a lively struggle followed
 pro and contra.  As it was, White had the opportunity of
 instituting an attack in the center, and on the kingside
 alternately, and though by best play it should not have
 amounted to much, yet it caused heavy work which might have
 been avoided.}
14.b4 cxb4 
{Steinitz: Inferior to 14...Nc6 at once, which would have
 made it very difficult for the adverse b-knight to get into
 good play.}
15.cxb4 Nc6 {[0:45-0:45]} 16.Bb3 
{Gunsberg: Better than 16.a4.}
16...Qb6 17.a3 Bd7 
{Gunsberg: If 17...a5, then 18.Nc3.}
18.Nc3 Ne7 19.h3 Nh6 20.d4 Rd8
{[1:00-1:13];
 Gunsberg: Perhaps 20...Rc8 at once would have been better.}
21.Rf1 Rf8 
{Gunsberg: A very useful move; if Black now plays 21...Nf7,
 with the object of castling, then 22.Bxf7+, followed by
 23.dxe5, winning a pawn through the presence of the rook on
 f1.}
22.Qf2 
{Gunsberg: Threatening dxe5 and Nxe5 and also Ng5.}
22...Rc8 23.Rac1 Qa6 24.a4 Qb6 25.b5 Qa5 {[1:27-1:37]}
26.Qb2 Nf7 {(Adjourned) [1:41-1:39]} 27.Nd2
{(Sealed);
 Gunsberg: White now changes his plans, as he wants to
 attack the weak d-pawn by Nc4.;
 Steinitz: At the adjournment White made a very fine move,
 the sealed one, which threatened Bxf7+, followed by Nc4.
 Matters became here very difficult for Black, who, as usual
 in such cases, consumed much of his time, and then had to
 play very hurriedly when the crisis came.}
27...exd4
{[1:53-2:00];
 Gunsberg: He has to guard against the loss of a pawn by
 Nc4.}
28.exd4 Qb6 29.Ne2 d5
{[1:54-2:25];
 Gunsberg: Making a strong effort to gain room for his
 knight and reckoning upon recovering the pawn later on.}
30.exd5 Nd6 31.Qa3 
{Gunsberg: Best.}
31...Kd8 
{Gunsberg: A mistake which loses a piece. 31...Nef5 was the
 proper move.;
 Steinitz: Black first of all sacrificed the d-pawn in order
 to free his knight on the twenty-ninth move, and this was
 seemingly good enough, but in reply to a cleverly laid
 trap, Black played hastily his king, and committed one of
 those blunders which perhaps more often in proportion occur
 in heavy match games among masters in consequence of the
 great mental strain to which contestants are subjected than
 in light skittles among inferior players. Such captious
 critics are apt to deride the players when such a thing
 occurs, and I can only point out in anticipation of any
 such remarks that a donkey will always go his trot without
 stumbling while a race-horse may break neck or limbs in a
 run of a few seconds.  After that I might have perhaps
 improved my defense and made a harder fight of it, but
 naturally I got demoralized.} 
32.a5 Nxb5 
{Gunsberg: His only alternative would have been 32...Qxb5
 33.Qxd6 Qxe2 34.Rxc8+ Kxc8 35.Rc1+ Kd8 36.Ba4, and wins.}
33.Qxe7+ Kxe7 34.axb6 axb6 35.Nc4 Ra8 {[2:12-2:38]} 36.Ra1 Nd6 37.Nxb6
Rxa1 38.Rxa1 Bb5 39.Nf4 Kf7 40.Ne6 Re8
{[2:15-2:45];
 Steinitz: Up to my forty-first move, and having very little
 time at my disposal by the stop-clock, I merely went on in
 order to pass that point and then to resign if I thought my
 game absolutely hopeless.  There seemed to me some little
 chance for a draw in case my opponent made some weak moves,
 and it was legitimate for me to speculate upon that
 considering that I myself had committed a regular blunder.
 Some players will in such a position try to weary out their
 antagonist, not alone by the number of moves, but also by
 taking a long time for consideration.  The former is more
 justifiable than the latter, but it is altogether a matter
 of discretion, and I think I may state that though I had
 plenty of time on my hands, I made my moves rapidly .  My
 opponent as an experienced master did not hurry himself and
 played steadily and carefully.  He avoided the exchange of
 rooks I was playing for, as then I hade some chance to
 enter with my king in the center and stop the doubled pawn
 or perhaps gain one or both of them, whereupon my passed
 b-pawn and the extra pawn on the kingside could have
 made an excellent fight for a draw.  It came finally to a
 mating position from which there was no escape.}
41.Ba4 Bxa4 42.Rxa4 g6 43.Nc4 Nf5 44.Rb4 
{Gunsberg: Safer than 44.g4.}
44...Re7 45.g4 Ng3 46.Nd6+ Kg8 47.Nxb7 Rd7 48.Nbc5 Rxd5
49.Kf2
{Gunsberg: Caught him.}
49...Nf5 50.gxf5 Rxf5+ 51.Kg3 h5 52.Rb7 g5 53.Ne4 Kh8
{[2:27-3:00]} 54.Rg7 h4+ 55.Kg2 Ra5 56.Nxf6 Ra2+ 57.Kf1
{[2:27-3:08]} 1-0

[Event "World Championship Match"] 
[Site "USA New York, NY (Manhattan Chess Club)"] 
[Date "1890.12.18"] 
[Round "05"] 
[White "Steinitz,W."] 
[Black "Gunsberg,I.A."] 
[Result "0-1"] 
[ECO "D20"] 
[LongECO "D20/03 (3rd ed.)"] 
[Opening "Queen's Gambit Accepted"] 
[Annotator "Gunsberg & Steinitz"] 
[Source "The Sun, New York, 1890.12.19"]
[Source "The World, New York, 1890.12.19"]
[Source "New-York Daily Tribune, 1890.12.19"] 
1.d4 d5 2.c4 dxc4 
{Gunsberg: In the two former games played at this opening I
 declined the Queen's Gambit by 2...e6.  This defense, in my
 opinion, leads to a close and often more interesting game
 than can be obtained by accepting the gambit.}
3.e3 
{Gunsberg: Usually prefered to 3.e4.  White may, however,
 simplify matters by 3.Qa4+.}
3...e5 
{Gunsberg: The best continuation at Black's disposal.;
 Steinitz: Quit in the old style as played already by
 Labourdonnais and McDonnell.}
4.dxe5 
{Gunsberg: If now 4.Qa4+ Bd7 5.Qxc4 exd4 and Black obtains a
 speedier development for his pieces.;
 Steinitz: The above masters invariably played here 4.Bxc4
 instead.}
4...Qxd1+ 
{Gunsberg: This exchange gives Black a slight superiority.}
5.Kxd1 Nc6
{[0:04-0:02];
 Gunsberg: 6.f4 may be played but the white pawns in the
 center would be clumsily situated.}
6.Bxc4 Nxe5 7.Bb5+ 
{Steinitz: This I already played against Chigorin in a
 consultation game; the object is not to allow the knight to
 go back to c6, but it is probably better to retreat the
 bishop to e2 at once.}
7...c6 8.Be2 Be6 9.Nc3 0-0-0+ 10.Kc2 
{Gunsberg: In hope of playing out his dark-square bishop and
 a-rook and retire his king to b1.}
10...Nf6 {[0:11-0:05]} 11.Nf3 
{Gunsberg: 11.f3 instead seems preferable, although it would
 retard the development of his g-knight.;
 Steinitz: 11.e4 or 11.f3 were the right moves at this
 juncture; and, in fact, the move made loses the game by
 letting too many of the adverse pieces in against the
 king.}
11...Neg4 {[0:34-0:09]} 12.Rf1 Bf5+ 13.Kb3 
{Gunsberg: It is already plainly evident that White will not
 be able to place his king in safety, as he imagined when
 playing 10.Kc2.}
13...Nd7 
{Gunsberg: The most forcible way to threaten with punishment
 the recklessly bold monarch.;
 Steinitz: A very fine move which forces the gain of a
 pawn.}
14.e4 
{Gunsberg: The result of a miscalculation.  White was of
 course bound to seek some opening for his pieces, but he
 must been under the delusion also that Black subsequently
 could not capture the pawn on account of the rejoinder
 15.Nh4.}
14...Nc5+ 15.Kc2 Nxe4 {[0:38-0:19]} 16.Nh4 Nxc3+ 17.Kxc3 
{Gunsberg: White's idea was probably to get rid of the
 troublesome adverse bishop, even at the cost of a pawn, but
 he probably overlooked the fact that if he now would take
 the bishop, Black would win a piece by 17...Nxe2.}
17...Be6 18.f4 Nf6 19.f5 Bd5 20.g4
{Steinitz: This is a bad move, and 20.Nf3 at once was
 undoubtedly the proper play.}
20...Be7
{[0:46-0:29];
 Gunsberg: Threatening ...Ne4+, which would win a piece.;
 Steinitz: Also a very fine move.}
21.Kc2 
{Steinitz: Forced as Black threatened to win a piece by
 ...Ne4+; nor could the g-pawn advance, as it would be lost
 by the same sally.}
21...Be4+ 22.Kb3 Nd7 
{Gunsberg: Once more the self-same move comes in very
 forcibly.}
23.g5 f6 
{Gunsberg: Effectively stopping the desperate though
 harmless rush of these pawns.;
 Steinitz: Very fine play, as White cannot advance the pawn
 without creating an opening for the adverse rook that would
 be disastrous for him, and otherwise the whole of White's
 attack on the kingside is completely stopped.}
24.Bg4 
{Gunsberg: A move wholly without effect in preventing the
 speedy dissolution of the game contemplated by Black.;
 Steinitz: 24.Be3 was now the only defense.  The text move
 draws White into the "mate" net.}
24...Nc5+ 25.Ka3 Rd3+ {[1:12-0:44]} 26.b3 
{Gunsberg: Black here announced mate in five moves.;
 Steinitz: As will be seen the mate is accomplished in a
 most ingenious manner.}
26...Na4+ 27.Kxa4 Rd4+ 28.b4 Rxb4+
{[1:15-0:50];
 Gunsberg: If 29.Ka3, mate follows by 29...Rb5+ 30.Ka4 Bc2#.
 Or if 29.Ka5 b6+ 30.Ka6 Ra4#.}
0-1

[Event "World Championship Match"] 
[Site "USA New York, NY (Manhattan Chess Club)"] 
[Date "1890.12.20"] 
[Round "06"] 
[White "Gunsberg,I.A."] 
[Black "Steinitz,W."] 
[Result "0-1"] 
[ECO "D05"] 
[LongECO "D05/05 (3rd ed.)"] 
[Opening "Queen's Pawn: Closed (Rubinstein)"] 
[Annotator "Gunsberg & Steinitz"] 
[Source "The Sun, New York, 1890.12.21"]
[Source "The World, New York, 1890.12.21"]
[Source "New-York Daily Tribune, 1890.12.21"]
1.d4 d5 2.e3 e6 3.Bd3 c5 
{Steinitz: It is a curious feature of this game that, while
 White retains the c-pawn, Black, although second player, is
 the first to advance that pawn.  As will be seen, White
 intends to turn the game into an ordinary Fianchetto di
 Donna.}
4.b3 Nc6 5.Nf3 Nf6 {[0:02:30-0:04:00]} 6.0-0 Bd7 7.Bb2 Rc8
{Gunsberg: A good move played with the object of continuing
 with ...Nb4.;
 Steinitz: This threatens, after exchanging pawns, ...Nb4,
 with a good game.}
8.c3 
{Gunsberg: A very disagreeable alternative.;
 Steinitz: Hardly advisable in this and similar situations.}
8...Bd6 
{Steinitz: Usually the defense plays ...Be7 in this opening,
 but, as White has blocked his own dark-square bishop, Black
 is justified in altering his tactics.}
9.Nbd2 e5 
{Gunsberg: Always a forcible move in similar positions.;
 Steinitz: As in a similar position in the match between
 Steinitz and Chigorin at Havana.}
10.dxe5 Nxe5 {[0:16-0:15]} 11.Nxe5 Bxe5 12.Nf3 Bb8 13.h3
{Steinitz: There was hardly any necessity for this move,
 which is generally disadvantageous.}
13...c4 14.Bc2 0-0 15.Qd4 Re8 {[0:33-0:24]} 16.Rad1 b5 17.b4 
{Gunsberg: White already has a serious disadvantage by
 having his dark-sqaure bishop blocked in.}
17...Qc7 18.Rfe1 
{Gunsberg: An unnecessary move.  White ought to have
 proceeded at once with 18.Qh4.}
18...Re7 19.Kf1 
{Gunsberg: If 19.e4 Black plays 19...dxe4 20.Bxe4 Rd8 which
 makes it uncomfortable for White.  The text move was played
 to gain time if necessary to be able to play his knight.;
 Steinitz: He might have better utilized his time by playing
 first 19.Rd2, with a view of bringing the bishop back to
 d1.}
19...Rce8 20.Qh4 Qd6
{[0:53-1:09];
 Steinitz: If 20...Re4 21.Bxe4 Rxe4 22.g4 h5 23.Ng5 and
 Black gets nothing for the loss of the exchange.  But
 anyhow the text move was a waste of time, and Black should
 have played 20...Qc6 at once.}
21.Rd4 Qc6 
{Gunsberg: These are aimless moves which lose time.}
22.Red1 Be5 
{Gunsberg: A curious oversight by which he loses a valuable
 pawn.;
 Steinitz: An oversight which loses a pawn.  Black as it
 happens obtains a strong attack by the loss of the pawn, as
 he liberates his light-square bishop.}
23.Rxd5 Bb8 
{Gunsberg: He would be mated if he took the rook with his
 knight.}
24.a4
{Gunsberg: The best play for White would have been to retire
 the rook at once to d2.}
24...a6 
{Steinitz: Black could not take the pawn without getting the
 disadvantage by the reply 25.b5, followed by 26.Ba3.}
25.a5 
{Gunsberg: This move gives Black a wide range for his
 pieces.}
25...h6
{[1:37-1:25];
 Steinitz: A little too late.}
26.R5d4 Qb7 {(Adjourned) [1:40-1:26]} 27.Ne1
{(Sealed);
 Gunsberg: This move was sealed.  White was afraid of Black
 playing ...Bc6, followed by ...Qc7 etc.}
27...Be5 {[2:15-1:26]} 28.R4d2 Bc7
{Steinitz: Black has gained an important move by this
 maneuver, whereby he prevents the exchanging of rooks at
 later stages.} 
29.Re2 Re5 
{Gunsberg: A strong move.  He threatens ...Rh5, followed by
 ...Bxh3 or ...Rxh3.;
 Steinitz: Threatening ...Rh5.}
30.f3 
{Gunsberg: The only move to counteract Black's powerful
 stroke.  Although he gives up a pawn White gains
 considerable relief for a time.;
 Steinitz: About the only move.}
30...Rxe3 {[2:28-1:53]} 31.Rxe3 
{Gunsberg: 31.Be4 would not have been good on account of
 31...Nxe4 32.Rxe3 Ng3+ 33.Kf2 Rxe3 34.Rxd7 Re2+ and mates
 in two more moves.;
 Steinitz: If 31.Be4, which White probably speculated upon,
 then 31...R8xe4 32.fxe4 Bg3 and wins.}
31...Rxe3 32.Bc1 
{Gunsberg: A very useful move if Black now plays 32...Rxc3,
 White gets pull by 33.Bb2.}
32...Re5 
{Gunsberg: If White now plays 33.Bf4 and Black replies with
 33...Rh5 34.Qg3 Rxh3 35.gxh3 Nh5 36.Qh4, White gets the
 best of it.  But an interesting variation arises if, after
 White playing 33.Bf4, Black should continue with 33...Rh5
 34.Qg3 Rg5 35.Qh2 Bxf4 36.Qxf4 Nd5 37.Rxd5 Rxd5 (he cannot
 take with the queen because of 38.Qb8+.) 38.Be4, etc.;
 Steinitz: White threatened Bxh6, which is now prevented, as
 Black would answer ...Rh5.  The text move was also better
 than 32...Rxc3, as White would answer 33.Bb2, with an
 excellent attack.}
33.Qf2 Qc6 34.Be3 
{Gunsberg: 34.g4 might perhaps have been played here.}
34...Re8 35.Qd2 Qe6 {[2:42-2:11]} 36.Bd4 
{Gunsberg: If 36.Bf4, Black plays 36...Bxf4 37.Qxf4 Qe2+
 38.Kg1 Qe3+ 39.Qxe3 Rxe3 40.Kf2 Rxc3 41.Rd6, with a good
 game.}
36...Nh5 37.Bf2 
{Steinitz: If 37.Bxg7 Ng3+ 38.Kg1 Kxg7, and obviously White
 dare not take the bishop as mate would follow in a few
 moves, beginning with 39...Qe3+.} 
37...Bc6 38.Bb1 Qe5 39.Nc2 Bxf3 
{Gunsberg: All these moves were made under great time
 pressure.  Black now seizes a chance for a pretty mating
 combination.;
 Steinitz: This is decisive.}
40.gxf3 
{Gunsberg: If 40.Re1 Bxg2+ 41.Kxg2 Qh2+ 42.Kf1 Qh1+ 43.Bg1
 etc., the same as in the text.}
40...Qh2 41.Qd7 Qh1+ 42.Bg1 Qxf3+ 43.Bf2 Ng3+
{[2:47-2:29];
 Gunsberg: Mate follows next move.}
0-1

[Event "World Championship Match"] 
[Site "USA New York, NY (Manhattan Chess Club)"] 
[Date "1890.12.22"] 
[Round "07"] 
[White "Steinitz,W."] 
[Black "Gunsberg,I.A."] 
[Result "1-0"] 
[ECO "D26"] 
[LongECO "D26/01 (3rd ed.)"] 
[Opening "Queen's Gambit Accepted: Classical"] 
[Annotator "Gunsberg & Steinitz"] 
[Source "The Sun, New York, 1890.12.23"]
[Source "The World, New York, 1890.12.23"]
[Source "New-York Daily Tribune, 1890.12.23"]
1.d4 d5 2.c4 dxc4 3.Nf3 
{Gunsberg: Better than 3.e3 as played in the fifth game, as
 it prevents the strong rejoinder 3...e5.;
 Steinitz: Certainly a very strong move; introduced by
 Blackburne in the Vienna tournament of 1873.}
3...Nf6 
{Steinitz: If 3...b5 4.a4 c6 5.axb5 cxb5 6.b3 recovering the
 pawn with a superior game.}
4.e3 e6 
{Gunsberg: An attempt to defend the gambit pawn by 4...b5
 would be bad, as White would continue by 5.a4, followed
 eventually by pawn to b3, etc.  Black's later trouble may
 be ascribed to this move, as afterwards he will be
 compelled to give up the bishop for the adverse b-knight
 which is disadvantageous to him, as White gets control of
 an important diagonal by Ba3.  Black's reply should have
 been 5...Be7.}
5.Bxc4 Bb4+
{[0:04-0:06];
 Steinitz: Not to be approved of, though twice before in
 this contest Gunsberg adopted it in a similar position, and
 the games were finally drawn.}
6.Nc3 0-0 7.0-0 b6 
{Gunsberg: Here 7...Nbd7 seems preferable.;
 Steinitz: This move makes it a sort of Fianchetto di
 Donna.}
8.Ne5 
{Steinitz: Chiefly with a view of playing pawn to f3, thus
 counteracting the bearing of the adverse light-square
 bishop on the long diagonal against the queenside.}
8...Bb7 9.Qb3 Bxc3 
{Steinitz: Although White threatened Bxe6 and then to come
 out with a rook and two strong center pawns against two
 minor pieces, it would have been somewhat better to face
 that combination, as the white pawns could not be made
 available for some time, than to strengthen White's center
 with the text move.}
10.bxc3 Bd5
{[0:11-0:25];
 Gunsberg: A necessary precaution, as White threatened to
 win a rook and two pawns for two minor pieces by either
 Nxf7 or Bxe6, which would have been all the more dangerous
 if he had been given time to play Ba3 and pawn to f4
 first.;
 Steinitz: A weak move, though no doubt made with the
 intention of effecting exchanges and simplifying matters.
 The drawback was that the bishop protected the "hole" at
 c6.}
11.Bxd5 exd5 12.Ba3 Re8 13.c4 c5 
{Gunsberg: This seems the right move, as White threatened
 pawn to c5.;
 Steinitz: A very fine defensive move.}
14.Rac1 
{Steinitz: As the sequel shows, the rook was very well
 placed here.}
14...Ne4 
{Gunsberg: A move which virtually loses the game, as it
 enables White to gain important time for bringing his
 f-rook into a commanding position on d1.  The correct play
 was 14...dxc4, followed by ...Qd5, but even then the utmost
 caution was necessary.;
 Steinitz: Black's game was extremely difficult, but he
 facilitates matters here for the opponent.  Still the
 manner in which White afterward took advantage of this move
 was not easily to be foreseen, and it seemed to be a
 feasible to try to drive off the adverse knight.}
15.Rfd1 cxd4 {[0:29-1:01]} 16.exd4 f6 
{Gunsberg: Which compromises his game even more.  16...Nf6
 was his best defense.}
17.cxd5 
{Gunsberg: White seizes the opportunity and presses the
 attack in brilliant and vigorous style.;
 Steinitz: The beginning of a series of sacrificing
 tactics.}
17...fxe5 18.d6+ Kh8 19.Qd5 Nxf2 
{Steinitz: Black makes an excellent defense, which renders
 it very difficult for the opponent to maintain his
 advantage of position.  If 19...exd4 20.Rxd4 (not 20.Qxa8,
 on account of 20...Nc3, followed by ...Ne2+, which would
 give Black drawing chances).}
20.Rd2 
{Gunsberg: With his usual precision White chooses the
 strongest continuation.}
20...Nd7
{[1:00-1:21];
 Gunsberg: Hopeless as his game is there were still more
 chances in 20...Nh3+ instead of the move in the text, for
 if then 21.gxh3 Qg5+ 22.Rg2 Qe3+ 23.Kh1 Qxa3 with much
 better chances.;
 Steinitz: The position is now extremely interesting, and at
 first sight it might look as if Black would have done
 better by proceeding with 20...Nh3+; but then might have
 followed 21.gxh3 Qg5+ 22.Rg2 Qe3+ 23.Kh1 Qxa3 24.Rcg1, with
 a winning game.}
21.Rxf2 Nf6 22.Rxf6 
{Gunsberg: Finishing off in high style.;
 Steinitz: A decisive combination of rare interest.}
22...gxf6 
{Gunsberg: No better would have been 22...Qxf6, as White
 would continue with 23.d7 Rf8 (best) 24.Bxf8 Rxf8 25.Qf3,
 and whether Black exchanges queens or not, White's passed
 d-pawn will ultimately win the game.;
 Steinitz: No better was 22...Qxf6 23.d7 Rf8 (or 23...Red8
 24.dxe5, followed mostly by Qxa1) 24.Bxf8 Rxf8 25.Qf3, and
 wherever the queen may move to White takes the rook with a
 "check," followed by Rc8 and wins.}
23.d7 Rg8 24.dxe5 Rg5 
{Gunsberg: He has nothing else, as the advance of the e-pawn
 would decide the game in a few strokes.;
 Steinitz: He had no good defense.  If 24...fxe5 25.Bb2, and
 wins in a few moves.}
25.Qxa8 
{Steinitz: Quite a little surprise.}
25...Qxa8 {[1:05-1:35]} 26.Rc8+ Rg8 27.Rxa8 Rxa8 28.e6
{[1:05-1:36];
 Steinitz: Of course one of the two pawns must "queen" with
 facility.}
1-0

[Event "World Championship Match"] 
[Site "USA New York, NY (Manhattan Chess Club)"] 
[Date "1890.12.27"] 
[Round "08"] 
[White "Gunsberg,I.A."] 
[Black "Steinitz,W."] 
[Result "1/2-1/2"] 
[ECO "C54"] 
[LongECO "C54/07 (3rd ed.)"]
[Opening "Giuoco Piano: Pianissimo"] 
[Annotator "Gunsberg & Steinitz"] 
[Source "The Sun, New York, 1890.12.28"]
[Source "The World, New York, 1890.12.28"]
[Source "New-York Daily Tribune, 1890.12.28"]
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.d3 Nf6 5.c3 
{Gunsberg: A deviation from his line of play in the fourth
 game.}
5...d6 {[0:02:30-0:02:30]} 6.Be3 Bxe3 
{Gunsberg: Steinitz considers the double pawn on the e-file
 resulting from this exchange a disadvantage for the first
 player.  The usual move is 6...Bb6 instead.;
 Steinitz: Chopped in a similar way as in game four.  The
 fact that White has played 5.c3 makes no difference in the
 situation.}
7.fxe3 Qe7 8.0-0 Nd8 
{Gunsberg: This knight is made extensive use of.;
 Steinitz: Quite new and its object will soon be seen.}
9.Nbd2 Ne6 
{Steinitz: This knight is now in communication with both
 wings and White cannot afford to exchange it for the bishop
 without strengthening Black's position.}
10.d4 Ng4
{[0:06-0:10];
 Steinitz: Not so much with the object of attacking White's
 e-pawn, but in order to make room for the advance of the
 f-pawn.}
11.Qe1 f6 12.Nh4 Nh6 
{Gunsberg: 12...g6 instead of the last move would have
 prevented White from dissolving his double pawns.;
 Steinitz: Probably 12...g6 would have been better, because
 it would not have allowed White to undouble his pawns.
 Still there was some object in it as White's e3-pawn formed
 a marked attack.}
13.Nf5 Nxf5 14.exf5 Nf8 15.e4 Nd7 {[0:15-0:25]} 16.Qh4 Nb6
17.Qh5+ Kd8 18.Bb3 Bd7 19.Rae1 c6 20.Re3 Kc7 {[0:17-0:43]}
21.Rg3
{Gunsberg: It would have been better to double rooks at once
 on the d-file.;
 Steinitz: White has conducted the attack with great spirit,
 but, though Black's king is now in safety, his kingside is
 somewhat weak.}
21...Raf8 
{Gunsberg: To prevent White from 22.Qf7.;
 Steinitz: In order to prevent 22.Qf7, which would have
 gained a pawn for White.}
22.dxe5 dxe5 23.Qe2 
{Gunsberg: A well timed retreat. He changes his attack to
 the queenside, as he has no prospects of accomplishing
 anything on the kingside, while on the other hand Black
 might gain ground 23...Be8.}
23...g5 
{Gunsberg: Black could have assumed the attack against the
 adverse king by playing this pawn only one square. The move
 actually made renders White safe, as he could calmly await
 an advance of Black's g-pawn or h-pawn and then block the
 kingside by moving the g-pawn in reply to ...h3 or the
 h-pawn if Black pushes the g-pawn to g3.;
 Steinitz: Gunsberg expressed the opinion that 23...g6 was
 better. It is a difficult question to decide for the object
 of that move could only be to exchange the f-pawn, and then
 White's knight obtains a favorable square at e4.}
24.Rd3 
{Steinitz: If 24.fxg6 hxg6, and obviously White there will
 not take the g-pawn with the rook on account of the
 rejoinder 25...Qh7.}
24...Bc8 
{Gunsberg: 24...Be8 instead, with a view of posting it after
 due preparation at h5, seems to be more promising.}
25.Rd1 Rd8 {[0:53-1:10]} 26.Nf1 
{Steinitz: An excellent move.}
26...Nd7 27.Bc2 Nc5 28.Rxd8 Rxd8 29.Rxd8 Kxd8 30.b4 Nd7
{[1:00-1:20];
 Gunsberg: This knight has now moved eight times in thirty
 moves.}
31.Bb3 
{Steinitz: At this point Gunsberg offered a draw, but Black
 decided to go on.}
31...a5 
{Steinitz: Of course, if 32.bxa5 Qc5+ and recovers the pawn
 with advantage.}
32.a3 axb4 33.axb4 Qd6 34.Ne3 b5 35.Kf2 Kc7
{[1:04-2:08];
 Steinitz: Black at first contemplated 35...c5, but, as
 Gunsberg pointed out, he would have answered just the same
 36.Qd1, and there was hardly anything more in it than a
 draw.}
36.Qd1
{[1:05-2:08];
 Gunsberg: After the exchange of queens the slight
 superiority of the position of White's pawn is sufficiently
 counterbalanced by the presence of Black's king on the
 queenside.  The game was here abandoned as drawn.}
1/2-1/2

[Event "World Championship Match"] 
[Site "USA New York, NY (Manhattan Chess Club)"] 
[Date "1890.12.29"] 
[Round "09"] 
[White "Steinitz,W."] 
[Black "Gunsberg,I.A."] 
[Result "1/2-1/2"] 
[ECO "D30"] 
[LongECO "D30 (3rd ed.)"] 
[Opening "Queen's Gambit Declined"] 
[Annotator "Gunsberg & Steinitz"] 
[Source "The Sun, New York, 1890.12.30"]
[Source "The World, New York, 1890.12.30"]
[Source "New-York Daily Tribune, 1890.12.30"]
1.Nf3 
{Gunsberg: This move has been introduced and frequently
 played by the late Dr. Zukertort,  after whom it is
 sometimes called Zukertort opening.  In the correspondence
 match between the British Chess Club of London and the
 Chess Club of St. Petersburg the English players adopted it
 in the game wherein they had the move.  Steinitz, in his
 match against Chigorin, in Havana, 1889, limited himself
 solely to that opening, although he had declared it on
 previous occasions to be an indifferent move which leads to
 a variation of the Queen's gambit declined by mere
 transposition of moves.  The course of the present game
 seems to corroborate that statement, for, as will be seen,
 after the fifth, eighth, ninth and tenth move, the game
 presents the exact position which arises from that
 variation of the Queen's gambit declined, wherein the best
 recognized moves are made on both sides.}
1...Nf6 
{Gunsberg: This or 1...d5 is the best move for Black.}
2.d4 e6 3.e3 c5 
{Steinitz: New, but is does not make much difference in the
 development of the game.}
4.c4 d5 5.dxc5 
{Steinitz: White obtains a slight advantage after this, as
 he threatens with his next move to isolate the d-pawn,
 which gains time in the development.} 
5...Bxc5 {[0:10-0:04]} 6.Nc3 Bb4 
{Gunsberg: In order to avoid the isolating of his pawn at
 d5.;
 Steinitz: This move is now forced, as he cannot well
 capture the pawn and allow the exchange of queens.}
7.Bd2 
{Steinitz: Here, and later on at the tenth move, 7.Qb3 was
 probably better.}
7...dxc4 8.Bxc4 0-0 9.0-0 Nc6 10.Qe2 
{Steinitz: Initiating a kingside attack, whereas his
 strength was on the other wing, as indicated above.}
10...Qe7 {[0:19-0:14]} 11.e4 Bxc3 12.Bxc3 e5 
{Gunsberg: A very good move, which frees his game
 considerable and prevents the advance of White's pawn to
 e5, which would have confined his position.}
13.Qe3 
{Steinitz: Any attempt to pursue the kingside attack would
 probably have been a failure, if, for instance 13.Bb3 Bg4
 14.Qe3 Rad8 with a very good game.} 
13...Be6 14.Be2 
{Gunsberg: 14.Bxe6 Qxe6 15.Ng5 would only lead to an even
 game.  A very tempting continuation, instead of the move in
 the text, would have been 14.Bb5 Bd7 15.Bxc6 Bxc6, and
 White could not take the e-pawn without losing his own
 e-pawn.;
 Steinitz: A concentration on the kingside, with a view
 afterward of attacking on the other wing.}
14...Ng4 15.Qc1 Rac8
{[0:52-0:42];
 Gunsberg: Black's game is now well developed.}
16.h3 Nh6 17.Qe3 f6 
{Gunsberg: An excellent move, which not only gives
 additional support to his e-pawn, but also opens an
 important square for his knight, which enables him
 afterwards to use it in time for the defense of his
 b-pawn.}
18.a3 
{Steinitz: For defensive purposes, as Black threatened
 ...Nb4, and also with the object of supporting the advance
 of the b-pawn.}
18...Nf7 19.b4 a6 20.a4 
{Gunsberg: This move was made probably under the impression
 that he could afterwards recover the b-pawn with his rook,
 which would have given him the advantage of position.;
 Steinitz: Simply an oversight.}
20...Nxb4 {[1:07-0:51]} 21.Bxb4 Qxb4 22.Rfb1 Qe7 23.Rb6 Rc7
24.Rab1 Rfc8
{Gunsberg: Of course not 24...Rb8, because of 25.Rxa6.}
25.Ne1 Nd8 {[1:15-1:05]} 26.Nd3 Qa3 
{Gunsberg: Again correctly played.}
27.Kh2 
{Gunsberg: In order to avoid an eventual check.;
 Steinitz: This was necessary in order to enable him to
 remove the knight without being subjected to exchanges by
 ...Rc1+.}
27...Rd7 
{Steinitz: Threatening ...Rc3, but 27...Bc4 was stronger.}
28.Rxe6 
{Gunsberg: An ingenious combination, which, however, is
 parried by Black's correct defense.;
 Steinitz: The only way to release himself and giving White
 good attacking chances.}
28...Nxe6 29.Bg4 {(Adjourned) [2:06-1:27]} 29...Re8
{(Sealed);
  Gunsberg: This move was sealed by Gunsberg.  It is worthy
  of note that so far Steinitz has not sealed a move.}
30.Bxe6+ Rxe6 {[2:10-1:21]} 31.Nc5 
{Gunsberg: This regains the exchange, but White is still a
 pawn behind.}
31...Qxe3 32.fxe3 Ree7 33.Nxd7 Rxd7 34.Kg3 Kf7 35.a5 Kg6
{[2:17-1:46]} 36.Kf3 Rc7 37.Rb2 Rc5 38.Ra2 Rb5 39.Ke2 Kf7
40.Kf3 Ke6 {[2:28-1:33]} 41.h4 h5 42.Ra1 g6 43.g4 hxg4+
44.Kxg4 Rb4 45.Kf3 f5 {[3:01-1:35]} 46.exf5+ Kxf5 47.Rh1 Rb5
48.e4+ Kf6 49.Rd1 Rxa5 50.Rd6+ Kg7 {[3:23-1:37]} 51.Rd7+ Kh6
52.Rxb7 Ra3+ 53.Kf2 Ra5 54.Rb6 Kh5 55.Rf6
{55.Rc6 is the move found in my database, but contemporary
 sources clearly state 55.R-KB6.-[Pope]}
55...Ra4 {[3:38-1:46]} 56.Kf3 Ra3+ 57.Kf2 Kh6 58.Re6 Ra5
59.Kg3 Kg7 60.Kg4 Kf7 {[4:02-1:55]} 61.Rb6 Ra1 62.Rb7+ Kf6
63.Rb6+ Kg7 64.Re6 a5 65.Rxe5 a4 {[4:10-2:14]} 66.Ra5 a3
67.Kg5 a2 68.Ra7+ Kf8 69.Ra8+ Kf7 70.Ra7+ Ke6 71.Ra6+ Ke5
72.Ra5+ Kxe4 73.Ra4+ Kf3 74.Ra3+ Kf2 75.Kxg6 Rg1+ 76.Kf7 a1Q
77.Rxa1 Rxa1 78.h5 Rh1 79.Kg6 Rg1+ 80.Kf6 {[4:24-2:34]}
1/2-1/2

[Event "World Championship Match"] 
[Site "USA New York, NY (Manhattan Chess Club)"] 
[Date "1891.01.02"] 
[Round "10"] 
[White "Gunsberg,I.A."] 
[Black "Steinitz,W."] 
[Result "0-1"] 
[ECO "C54"] 
[LongECO "C54/07 (3rd ed.)"]
[Opening "Giuoco Piano: Pianissimo"] 
[Annotator "Gunsberg & Steinitz"] 
[Source "The Sun, New York, 1891.01.03"]
[Source "The World, New York, 1891.01.03"]
[Source "New-York Daily Tribune, 1891.01.03"]
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.d3 Nf6 5.c3 d6 6.Nbd2 
{Gunsberg: White again varies his line of play, as on former
 occasions.  The present maneuver of bringing the b-knight
 over to the kingside via d2 and f1 was first introduced by
 Paul Morphy, who, however, had previously developed his
 light-square bishop.  Although the present line of play has
 been repeatedly adopted with success (among others by
 Steinitz vs. Blackburne and Gunsberg vs. Blackburne), it is
 still an open question whether that maneuvre should not be
 deferred until the light-square bishop has been developed.;
 Steinitz: The idea to bring this knight out to d2 and then
 to f1, was first brought out by myself, against Blackburne,
 in a Ruy Lopez, and it has since been adopted in various
 openings.}
6...Ne7 7.Nf1 c6 
{Steinitz: A counter-demonstration of the same sort as that
 of the opponent.}
8.Qe2 
{Steinitz: 8.Ne3 or 8.Be3 was preferable.}
8...O-O 9.h3 
{Gunsberg: With a view of instituting a kingside attack, but
 White loses valuable time in making his preparations.;
 Steinitz: This weakens the kingside somewhat.}
9...d5 10.Bb3 Ng6 11.g3 
{Steinitz: Necessary but not auspicious for his game.}
11...dxe4 
{Gunsberg: There was no necessity for this exchange 11...d4,
 as played by Chigorin, seems to be superior.;
 Steinitz: Premature; 11...Re8 instead was stronger.}
12.dxe4 Be6 
{Steinitz: Black can well afford the double pawn which White
 can create condsidering the open f-file which he would gain
 and that White would find it difficult to castle on either
 side.}
13.Ng5 
{Gunsberg: Should White exchanges bishops here the open
 f-file would be more than an equivalent for Black's doubled
 e-pawns.}
13...Bxb3 14.axb3 Qd7 15.Be3 Bxe3 16.Qxe3 b6 
{Steinitz: Probably better than either 16...a6 or 16...Rad8,
 as the pawns will have to be protected sooner or later.}
17.Nd2 
{Gunsberg: He would have done much better by playing 17.Rd1
 instead.}
17...c5 18.Ngf3 Rad8 19.Nc4 
{Gunsberg: Not good, as he only loses time thereby.;
 Steinitz: This move was wasted, and only helped Black to
 consolidate his forces.}
19...Rfe8 
{Gunsberg: Perhaps it would have been better to leave that
 rook on its place in order to push, after due preparation,
 ...f5, which would have been very dangerous for White.}
20.Ncd2 
{Gunsberg: This retreat is now necessary, as Black
 threatened ...Nf4, which White could not take with
 impunity.}
20...Re7 21.Kf1 
{Gunsberg: Castling on the queenside instead would have
 submitted him to a vehement attack.}
21... h5 
{Gunsberg: 21...Nh5, with a view of sacrificing one of the
 knights on f4, was to be considered here.}
22.Kg2 h4 23.Kh2 
{Gunsberg: White defends himself very carefully.  This move
 makes the h-rook available for his defense.}
23...Qb5 
{Gunsberg: Finely played.  The object is to reduce the
 activity of the adverse knight, as White is compelled to
 occupy the square at c4 with his pawn.}
24.c4 Qc6 25.Rac1 
{Gunsberg: White now brings this rook into active and useful
 service.;
 Steinitz: His best defense undoubtedly, as Black threatened
 a terrible ...R7d3, after doubling the rooks.}
25...Red7 {[1:01-1:23]} 26.Rc3 Nh5 27.Rg1 Qf6 28.Nf1 Rd1 
{Gunsberg: White has considerably improved his position.
 The position is very interesting and complicated.  It would
 require a very close examination to determine whether
 Black's last move was really the best at his disposal.}
29.Qe2 
{Gunsberg: A very good move, which threatens N3d2.;
 Steinitz: An excellent move, as it threatens to bring out
 his knight to e3, and into the center at d5.}
29...hxg3+ 30.fxg3 {(Adjourned)} 30...Ra1
{(Sealed);
 Gunsberg: This move was sealed by Steinitz.;
 Steinitz: Of all the continuations at Black's disposal this
 was probably the best.}
31.N3d2 
{Gunsberg: 31.Ne3 would be much better as it would compel
 Black to exchange rooks and allow White to play
 subsequently Nd5.  The tempting sacrifice of the knight on
 the part of Black would lead to a draw; at least, it is
 difficult to see how Black could improve on the following
 line of play: 31.Ne3 Rxg1 32.Nxg1 Nxg3 33.Kxg3 Qf4+ 34.Kg2
 Nh4+ 35.Kh1 Qxe4+, etc.  Also, 33...Qh4+ or 33...Nf4 would
 not give him a winning attack.;
 Steinitz: Much better was 31.Ne3, whereupon the game would
 probably have proceeded 31...Ngf4 32. Qf2 best, (if 32.gxf4
 Qxf4+ 33.Kg2 best, 33...Qg3+ followed by 34...Qxh3+,
 winning in a few moves) 32...Rxg1 33.Nxg1 Nd3 and though
 Black will win a pawn, White can make an excellent fight of
 it by exchanging queens and playing Nd5.} 
31...Qg5 32.Rf3 
{Gunsberg: 32.Rd3 at once were better.}
32...Nf6 33.Rd3 
{Gunsberg: If 33.Rf5 Qh6, but it still seems preferable to
 the move actually made.}
33...Rxd3 34.Qxd3 Nf8 
{Gunsberg: A very good move.  He intends to post his knight
 on d4, which means practically a won game.;
 Steinitz: As will be seen this was done with a view of
 occupying a strong position in the center spot at d4.}
35.Qe3 
{Gunsberg: If 35.Nf3 Black replies by 35...Qc1.}
35...Qg6 {[1:50-2:22]} 36.Rg2 Ne6 37.Re2 
{Gunsberg: This is forced, as Black threatened ...Ng5,
 followed by ...Qh5.;
 Steinitz: Forced; because Black threatened to take the
 e-pawn and ultimately the other knight with the rook.}
37...Nd4 
{Steinitz: Black has achieved his object of forming a
 powerful attack in the centre, which places the adverse
 isolated pawns at his mercy.}
38.Rf2 Ra2 39.Nf3 
{Gunsberg: White has no good reply.  If 39.Qc3 then the
 e-pawn falls.}
39...Nxf3+ 40.Qxf3 Qxe4 {[2:12-2:41]} 41.Qxe4 Nxe4 42.Re2
Ng5
{Steinitz: Indirectly protecting the e-pawn, as Black
 threatens check at f3.}
43.Kg2 Ne6
{[2:15-2:43];
 Gunsberg: His position is hopeless.  If he takes the e-pawn
 he loses both his b-pawns, and if 44.Ne3 Black replies with
 44...Nd4, winning a second pawn.;
 Steinitz: It is only a question of time.  His pawns on the
 queenside must fall and he can hardly steer his king, while
 Black has free hands.}
0-1

[Event "World Championship Match"] 
[Site "USA New York, NY (Manhattan Chess Club)"] 
[Date "1891.01.03"] 
[Round "11"] 
[White "Steinitz,W."] 
[Black "Gunsberg,I.A."] 
[Result "1/2-1/2"] 
[ECO "D40"] 
[LongECO "D40/01 (3rd ed.)"] 
[Opening "Queen's Gambit Declined: Semi-Tarrasch"] 
[Annotator "Gunsberg & Steinitz"] 
[Source "The Sun, New York, 1891.01.04"]
[Source "The World, New York, 1891.01.04"]
[Source "New-York Daily Tribune, 1891.01.04"]
1.Nf3 d5 2.d4 Nf6 3.e3 e6 4.c4 Be7 
{Gunsberg: In all close openings the king's bishop is posted
 best at e7 for the second player, as well as e2 for the
 first.;
 Steinitz: In conformity with the authorities and certainly
 superior to the experiments made by Gunsberg with his
 bishop in previous games of the match.}
5.Nc3 0-0 {[0:02-0:06]} 6.Bd3 c5 
{Steinitz: The defense, in its chief features, is altogether
 of the same description as was played by Steinitz against
 Zukertort in the match of 1886. It is an important point
 for Black to get rid of the two middle pawns.}
7.cxd5 cxd4 
{Steinitz: Best; for if 7...Nxd5 8.Nxd5 Qxd5 9.e4, gaining
 important time.}
8.Nxd4 Nxd5 9.Nxd5 
{Steinitz: White could not well allow the adversary to
 exchange and separate the pawns on the queen's wing, nor
 could he afford to lose time to by either of the knights to
 e2.}
9...Qxd5 10.0-0 Nc6 {[0:10-0:17]} 11.Nxc6 
{Steinitz: As Black always threatened ...Bf6, which confined
 White's queenside, it was again of no use to waste time by
 retreating that knight.}
11...Qxc6 12.Bd2 Bf6 13.Qb3 Bd7 
{Gunsberg: A very good move, which frees Black of all
 difficulties his queen might get involved in.;
 Steinitz: A very good move and the key to his best
 defense.}
14.Rfc1 Qa4 
{Steinitz: Undoubtedly the best way of offering the exchange
 which was unavoidable.}
15.Qxa4 
{Gunsberg: If 15.Qxb7 then 15...Rb8, and if 15.Rc7, instead
 of the text move, then 15...Qxb3, followed by 16...Bc6 and
 the rook is imprisoned.}
15...Bxa4 {[0:34-0:39]} 16.Bc3 
{Steinitz: White gradually improves his position by these
 exchanges.}
16...Bxc3 17.Rxc3 Bc6 18.b4 a6 19.a4 Rfd8 
{Steinitz: 19...Rfc8, which he had to adopt subsequently,
 was undoubtedly much better at this juncture.}
20.f3 
{Steinitz: It was necessary to give the king freedom. If,
 for instance, 20.Raa3 Kf8 21.b5 axb5 22.axb5 Be4 with a
 good game, for obviously White dare not take the bishop on
 account of the impending mate on his first row.}
20...Kf8 {[0:56-0:46]} 21.Raa3 h6 
{Steinitz: As Black intended to bring his king into the
 center, he could not afford long to leave that pawn
 unprotected, for, though he could confine the bishop
 afterward by ...g6, White might have had an opportunity of
 releasing himself with advantage by the advance of the
 h-pawn to h5, either before or after, supporting it by
 pushing pawn to g4 according to circumstances.}
22.Kf2 Rdc8 23.b5 Bd7 24.Rxc8+ 
{Steinitz: Instead of the exchanges that follow White ought
 to have played 24.Ke2.}
24...Rxc8 25.bxa6 bxa6 {[1:27-1:02]} 26.a5 
{Gunsberg: If 26.Bxa6 Black recovers the pawn by 26...Ra8,
 as White cannot defend his pawn with 27.Bb5.;
 Steinitz: Obviously, if 26.Bxa6, Black recovers the pawn by
 26...Ra8.}
26...Bb5 27.Bxb5 axb5 28.Rb3 Rb8
{[2:00-1:40];
 Gunsberg: A draw was here agreed upon.;
 Steinitz: A long struggle would only ensue if White allowed
 Black's king to come near the b-pawn; in fact it would be
 rather dangerous for the former. The draw is now easily
 effected by White advancing the pawn to a6, which will lead
 to an exchange of White's a-pawn for Black's b-pawn, and
 the passed pawns being out of the way each party can easily
 protect his own line with the rook and king.}
29.a6
{From the description in The Sun it appears that Steinitz
 did play 29.a6 before the draw was agreed, although the
 gamescores from all three sources end with Black's 28th
 move.-[Pope]}
1/2-1/2

[Event "World Championship Match"] 
[Site "USA New York, NY (Manhattan Chess Club)"] 
[Date "1891.01.05"] 
[Round "12"] 
[White "Gunsberg,I.A."] 
[Black "Steinitz,W."] 
[Result "1-0"] 
[ECO "C52"] 
[LongECO "C52/01 (3rd ed.)"]
[Opening "Evans Gambit: Steinitz"] 
[Annotator "Gunsberg & Steinitz"] 
[Source "The Sun, New York, 1891.01.06"]
[Source "The World, New York, 1891.01.06"]
[Source "New-York Daily Tribune, 1891.01.06"]
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.b4 Bxb4 5.c3 Ba5 [0:02-0:02] 6.0-0 Qf6 
{Gunsberg: The normal defense is here 6...d6 7.d4 exd4
 8.cxd4 Bb6.  The move above, with its subsequent line of
 play, is the invention of Steinitz, who first introduced it
 in his match against the Russian champion, Chigorin, which
 was played in Havana in the early part of 1889.  Not less
 than ten games were played at that opening, including one
 consultation game, of which the Russian master won five to
 four and one draw.  Steinitz has since improved his defense
 and an elaborate and careful analysis thereof can be found
 in his "Modern Chess Instructor."  As will be remembered,
 his new defense is put to a test in one of the two games
 played by cable between him and Chigorin, which were both
 postponed during the duration of the pending championship
 match.}
7.d4 Nh6 
{Gunsberg: In the first part of his Havana match Black
 played here 7...Nge7 and retired afterwards ...Ncd8, but he
 now considers the move in the text a decided improvement.
 The position arising of Black's seventh move was the object
 of Chigorin's challenge, and from this point the game was
 played by cable.}
8.Bg5 Qd6 9.d5 Nd8 
{Gunsberg: In his book Steinitz recommends 9...Ne7 instead.}
10.Qa4 Bb6 {[0:04-0:09]} 11.Na3 c6 12.Be2 
{Gunsberg: Threatening Nc4, followed by pawn to d6 and Nb6,
 which would win the exchange.}
12...Bc7 13.Nc4 Qf8 14.d6 Bxd6 15.Nb6 Rb8 {[0:10-0:43]}
16.Qxa7
{Gunsberg: Up to this point the game is identical with the
 cable match mentioned above.}
16...Ng4 
{Gunsberg: In the cable game Black played here 16...Ne6, but
 Steinitz subsequently stated that 16...Ng8 was preferable.
 The move actually made should enable White to win.;
 Steinitz: Up to this point the game was conducted in the
 same way exactly by both parties as in the cable match
 between Steinitz and Chigorin.  In the cable match Steinitz
 played here 16...Ne6 and then remarked that 16...Ng8 was
 his best move at this juncture. The text move was an
 ill-conceived deviation, which gives White at once a strong
 attack and allows him to bring his minor pieces to bear
 against the adverse kingside.}
17.Nh4 
{Steinitz: An excellent move.}
17...Ne6 
{Gunsberg: If 17...f6, then 18.Bc1.  He might have, however,
 played 17...Nf6.;
 Steinitz: Under the circumstances the best.  If 17...Nf6
 18.Bxf6 gxf6 19.Nf5 Ne6 20.Rfd1 Bc7 21.Na8, and the
 position is similar to that which actually occurred.}
18.Bxg4 Nxg5 19.Nf5 
{Gunsberg: It was difficult to fix upon this move. A
 promising line of play appeared to be, instead of this
 move, 19.Nxc8 Rxc8 20.Qxb7 Rd8 21.Rd1 or 21.Nf5, with fair
 prospects of success.}
19...Ne6 
{Gunsberg: Necessary, as White threatens 20.Nxd6+ Qxd6
 21.Rad1, followed by Nxc8 and Bxd7+, etc. Had he, however,
 played 19...Nxe4 instead, White would likewise continue
 with 20.Nxd6+ Qxd6 (if 20...Nxd6 then 21.Qxb8) 21.Rd1.;
 Steinitz: White threatened Nxd6+, followed by taking the
 other bishop with the knight, and either of the rooks to d1
 with a winning game, and Black had hardly anything better
 than the text move, for if 19...Nxe4 20.Rfd1 Bc7 21.Nxc8
 Rxc8 22.Qxb7 Kd8 23.Qxc6 and wins.}
20.Rfd1 
{Gunsberg: It is important to play the f-rook and not the
 a-rook, as will be shown on the next move.}
20...Bc7 {[0:37-1:10]} 21.Na8 
{Gunsberg: Best.}
21...Rxa8 
{Gunsberg: If, instead of this move, Black should attempt to
 defend his bishop otherwise than by giving up the exchange
 - namely, by playing 21...Kd8 then White would take the
 bishop and continue the attack later on by means of Nd6 and
 Rab1.;
 Steinitz: If 21...Kd8 22.Nxc7 Kxc7 23.Nd6, followed by Rab1
 and wins.}
22.Qxa8 Kd8 
{Gunsberg: Forced.}
23.Rxd7+ 
{Gunsberg: An irresistible move.;
 Steinitz: A fine and powerful move which settles the game.}
23...Kxd7 24.Rd1+
{[0:40-1:15];
 Gunsberg: A singularly disastrous position, from which
 Black must emerge with a lost game.  If he attempts to
 defend by 24...Nd4 White plays 25.cxd4.  If, then, 25...Bb6
 26.Qb8 wins; or if 25...Ke6 26.Nd6+ Kf6 (if 26...Kxd6, then
 27.Qa3+ mates) 27.Nxc8 and wins.  Then again if 24...Bd6
 25.Qb8 Nd4 26.Nxd4+ Ke7 27.Nxc6+ and wins.;
 Steinitz: For after 24...Bd6, which was the only defense,
 White would proceed with 25.Qb8, winning easily.  If
 24...Nd4 25.cxd4 Ke6 26.Nd6+, and wins; for if 26...Kxd6,
 White answers 27.Qa3+, and mates next move.}
1-0

[Event "World Championship Match"] 
[Site "USA New York, NY (Manhattan Chess Club)"] 
[Date "1891.01.07"] 
[Round "13"] 
[White "Steinitz,W."] 
[Black "Gunsberg,I.A."] 
[Result "1-0"] 
[ECO "A46"] 
[LongECO "A46/04 (2nd ed.)"] 
[Opening "Indian: Knights (Rubinstein)"] 
[Annotator "Gunsberg & Steinitz"] 
[Source "The Sun, New York, 1891.01.08"]
[Source "The World, New York, 1891.01.08"]
[Source "New-York Daily Tribune, 1891.01.08"]
1.Nf3 Nf6 2.d4 e6 3.e3 Bb4+ 
{Gunsberg: Black again varies his defense of this opening.;
 Steinitz: There is hardly any time lost by this odd move,
 unless, perhaps, White in reply should decide to interpose
 4.Nbd2.}
4.c3 Be7 5.Be2 0-0 {[0:08-0:04]} 6.0-0 
{Steinitz: White did not advance 6.c4, because Black had not
 advanced his d-pawn, and in such situation Black might have
 answered 6...Bb4+; and if White's knight then interposed,
 he could have captured the knight and created a double
 pawn. Black, after this, might proceed according to
 Winawer's tactics, refraining carefully from advancing
 ...d5, and playing for an ending in which the two knights
 would have the advantage, because.}
6...d5 7.c4 b6 
{Steinitz: Most of the European masters adopt this turn into
 the Fianchetto di Donna in this opening, but I have never
 looked upon it with favor.}
8.Nc3 Bb7 9.cxd5 
{Steinitz: In my own opinion best, though most of the
 experts, including Zukertort, usually played here 9.b3,
 followed by Bb2.}
9...exd5 10.Ne5 Nfd7
{[0:12-0:15];
 Gunsberg: Black played the f-knight and not the b-knight,
 because after 11.f4 Nxe5 12.fxe5, he would have to retire
 that knight anyhow.;
 Steinitz: Hardly advisable, and under the circumstances
 10...Nbd7, followed by ...Re8 and ...Nf8 was probably his
 best plan.}
11.f4 Nxe5 12.fxe5 c6 
{Steinitz: Preparing for his next offer of an exchange, and
 also preventing pawn to e4, and pawn to d5 eventually.}
13.Bd2 
{Steinitz: As White sees that the adversary enters on an
 exchanging plan, he simply prepares an attack on the
 queenside and brings the rooks into communication.
 Obviously 13.Bd3, which looks a good move, would only have
 lost time.}
13...Ba6 
{Gunsberg: In order to prevent White from posting his bishop
 at d3, which would give him a strong attack. Black loses,
 however, time thereby.;
 Steinitz: This was now Black's best plan, undoubtedly, for
 if 13...Na6 instead, White would have opened a tremendous
 attack by 14.Bd3, which he could well back up ultimately
 with the doubled rooks on the f-file, and those rooks could
 afterward be brought accordingly to the g-file, or h-file.}
14.Bxa6 Nxa6 15.Qa4 Nb8 {[0:22-0:28]} 16.Rac1 f6 17.exf6
Bxf6
{Gunsberg: If 17...Rxf6 White would continue with 18.e4.
 Black has now the better position for the ending, as he has
 four connected pawns on the queenside, while the white
 pawns are dissolved in groups of two. But White's pieces
 are far better developed.}
18.Ne2 Re8 
{Gunsberg: A weak move, instead of which he should have
 played 18...a5, followed by 19...b5.}
19.Rf3 Qe7 20.Rcf1 Rc8 {[0:35-0:54]} 21.Bb4 Qe6 
{Gunsberg: If 21...Qe4, then 22.Ng3, followed by Nf5 and
 Nd6.;
 Steinitz: If 21...c5 22.Qb3 Rd8 23.dxc5 bxc5 24.Nf4, and
 clearly Black dare not take the bishop on account of the
 rejoinder 25.Nxd5, and both his center pawns will become
 weak and must fall in the end.}
22.Nf4 Qe4 23.Nh5 Nd7 24.Qa6 
{Steinitz: Better than 24.Rc1 on account of the continuation
 24...b5 25.Qa6 Bxd4 with the advantage.}
24...Qe8
{Steinitz: Whereas now, if 24...Bxd4 25.exd4 Qxd4+ 26.Kh1
 Qxb4 27.Qb7 Qd6 28.Rf7 with a winning game.}
25.Rh3 Bg5
{[1:19-1:34];
 Gunsberg: 25...h3 instead of the last move seems to be much
 better.}
26.Kh1 
{Gunsberg: Intending to continue with Nxg7.;
 Steinitz: In order to prepare Re1 in case Black should take
 the e-pawn with his bishop.}
26...Nf6 
{Gunsberg: He cannot capture the pawn because of the reply
 27.Qd3. The move in the text is a grave error, as will be
 seen forthwith. Black's best play at this juncture was
 still 26...h6.;
 Steinitz: Perhaps the best defense was 26...Bh6, followed
 by ...Nf8.}
27.Nxf6+ gxf6 
{Gunsberg: If 27...Bxf6 instead, White would win with
 28.Rxf6, followed by 29.Qb7.;
 Steinitz: Absolutely necessary. If 27...Bxf6 28.Rxf6 gxf6
 29.Qb7, followed by 30.Rg3 in reply to 29...Qg6 (the only
 move) and wins.}
28.Qb7 Qg6 
{Gunsberg: Perhaps it was better to play here 28...h6. The
 following continuation was likely to occur: 28...h6 29.Rg3
 Qf7 30.Qa6 Kh8.}
29.Qd7 Kh8 {[1:51-?:??]} 30.Be7 {(Sealed)} 30...Rg8
{[1:51-1:46];
 Gunsberg: White threatened 31.Bxf6+ Bxf6 32.Rxf6. Black's
 last move prevents it, but at the cost of two pawns.;
 Steinitz: He had hardly anything better and this opens to
 him some prospect of attack against the kingside.}
31.Qxc6 Rac8 32.Qxd5 Rg7 33.Bb4 Qd3 34.Qf3 Rc2 35.Bc3 Re7
{[2:17-2:13];
 The ChessBase for Windows demo has the move 35...Re2, which
 is clearly wrong.-[Pope]}
36.e4 
{Gunsberg: Giving up the pawn in order to bring matters to a
 speedy termination.;
 Steinitz: The best way of getting rid of the adverse
 attack, as White had sufficient to win in the ending and
 the e-pawn could not be saved anyhow.}
36...Qxe4 37.d5 Qg6 
{Gunsberg: The exchange of queens would likewise leave him
 with an untenable position.}
38.Rg3 
{Gunsberg: Threatening to win by Rxg5.}
38...Rf7 39.d6 
{Gunsberg: Better than 39.h4 at once, to which Black had
 some defense by 39...Qh6.;
 Steinitz: Obviously, if 39.Rxg5 Qxg5 40.Bxf6+ Rxf6 and
 wins, for clearly White cannot retake twice on account of
 the mate ultimately pending by ...Rc1#.}
39...h6 
{Gunsberg: If now 39...Qh6, White pushes 40.d7 Rxd7 41.Rxg5
 and Black cannot reply with 41...Rxc3, for White would mate
 beginning with 42.Qa8+.}
40.h4
{[2:30-2:38];
 Steinitz: Winning a piece with an overwhelming attack.}
1-0

[Event "World Championship Match"]
[Site "USA New York, NY (Manhattan Chess Club)"] 
[Date "1891.01.10"] 
[Round "14"] 
[White "Gunsberg,I.A."] 
[Black "Steinitz,W."] 
[Result "1/2-1/2"] 
[ECO "C52"] 
[LongECO "C52/01 (3rd ed.)"]
[Opening "Evans Gambit: Steinitz"] 
[Annotator "Gunsberg & Steinitz"] 
[Source "The Sun, New York, 1891.01.11"]
[Source "The World, New York, 1891.01.12"]
[Source "New-York Daily Tribune, 1891.01.11"]
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.b4 Bxb4 5.c3 Ba5 {[0:02-0:01]}
6.O-O Qf6 7.d4 h6 
{Gunsberg: In his book Steinitz declares 7...Nh6 the right
 move to be at this juncture.  It seems that his present
 move is a little better.  A still better course seems to be
 7...Bb6.;
 Steinitz: Perhaps the safest plan, considering Black's last
 move.}
8.Bb5 
{Gunsberg: White has an abundance of moves to continue with,
 as for example 8.d5, or 8.dxe5 Nxe5 9.Nxe5 Qxe5 10.Qb3 with
 a view to continue afterwards with pawn to f4, all of which
 give the player good attacking chances.  The move actually
 made seems, however, as good as, if not better than, as
 any.;
 Steinitz: If 8.Qb3, Black intended to play 8...Nge7 9.dxe5
 Nxe5 10.Nxe5 Qxe5 11.Bxd7+ Kd8 with an excellent game,
 though the pawns are even.}
8...Nge7 9.Ba3 
{Steinitz: Of course this prevents Black from castling for a
 little while, as in that case White would answer 10.Bxe7,
 thereby winning a pawn.}
9...exd4
{Steinitz: 9...Bb6 was preferable.}
10.e5 
{Gunsberg: It was perhaps better to retake the pawn first.;
 Steinitz: Though Black dare not take that pawn on account
 of the ultimate Re1, it was far better to retake the pawn
 at once and leave the center pawns standing abreast, with
 the option of advancing later on.}
10...Qe6 {[0:06-0:26]} 11.cxd4 Bb4 
{Steinitz: Hardly a good move.}
12.Bb2 
{Gunsberg: White could here recover the pawn sacrificed on
 the fourth move by taking the c-knight and in reply to
 12...Bxa3 (best) take either the Black b-pawn or d-pawn.
 But White justly preferred to keep up his attack.;
 Steinitz: White could have won a pawn here by 12.Bxc6 Bxa3
 (of course 12...Nxc6 13.d5 with a winning attack) 13.d5
 recovering the pawn with a good game.}
12...d5 13.Nc3 O-O 14.Ne2 Ng6 15.Qb3 
{Gunsberg: 15.Qa4 was also a strong continuation at this
 point.}
15...Ba5
{[0:32-0:40];
 Steinitz: If 15...Be7, White would probably have answered
 16.Nd2.}
16.Ne1 Nce7 17.f4 Qb6 
{Gunsberg: 17...Bb6 instead and subsequently ...f6 would
 have been preferable.;
 Steinitz: 17...f5 at once was superior.}
18.Ba3 
{Gunsberg: A good move, which effectually meets Black's plan
 to force the exchange of queens by 18...c6, for White would
 retire 19.Bd3, and if Black takes the queen the pawn
 retakes.  Black's best move would then be 20...Bd8 as both
 knight and bishop are menaced, and White has an excellent
 game by playing pawn to f5.  If Black, however, takes the
 knight at e1 instead of retiring the bishop to d8, then
 White retakes with the a-rook and proceeds likewise with
 pawn to f5, Black being compelled to play ...Re8.;
 Steinitz: A very fine rejoinder, which gives White the pull
 in a precarious-looking position.}
18...f5 
{Gunsberg: He has to stop the advance of the adverse f-pawn,
 but this move leaves White plenty of scope, for the array
 of his forces into an attacking position and gives him a
 powerful passed pawn.;
 Steinitz: If 18...c6 19.Bd3 Qxb3 20.axb3, threatening
 21.Bxe7 as well as 21.f5 with an excellent game.}
19.Qa4 c6 20.Bd3 Qd8 {[0:45-1:12]} 21.Qc2 b5 
{Steinitz: Maneuvering with the pawns on the queenside was
 not advisable.  The text move weakens the c-pawn, and
 although there is apparently no danger at present, it is a
 source of trouble at a later stage.}
22.Kh1 Bb6 23.g4 a5 
{Gunsberg: Perhaps 23...Nh4 would have been preferable.}
24.Rg1 b4 
{Gunsberg: Not good, as the sequel shows.;
 Steinitz: Instead of this, Black would have done better to
 play 24...Qe8.}
25.gxf5 Bxf5 {[0:58-1:22]} 26.Bxf5 Rxf5 27.Rxg6 
{Gunsberg: A very good move, which at least wins a pawn.}
27...bxa3 
{Gunsberg: It is obvious that 27...Nxg6 28.Qxf5 would be in
 favor of White.;
 Steinitz: Black could again have improved his position here
 by 27...Qe8.}
28.Rxc6 
{Gunsberg: Here White might have kept up a promising attack
 by 28.Re6 or 28.Nf3 instead.;
 Steinitz: White must have looked far ahead before taking
 this pawn, for in several ways his game looked dangerous
 after this; but on examination it will be found that his
 position remains sound.}
28...Nxc6 29.Qxf5 Nxd4 30.Nxd4 Bxd4 {[1:22-1:30]} 31.Qe6+
Kh8 32.Rd1 Bc3 33.Rxd5
{(Adjourned); 
 Gunsberg: At this point the time for adjournment had
 arrived.  Steinitz devoted nearly half an hour to the
 consideration of the extremely difficult situation before
 sealing his reply.  An examination of the highly
 interesting and complicated position shows that Black's
 choice of good moves is limited.  Had he, for instance
 played the very plausible looking 33...Qh4, White would
 have had in all probability a winning game by 34.Ng2.}
33...Qb8
{(Sealed);
 Gunsberg: The exposed position of the white king now
 enables Black to draw by perpetual check.;
 Steinitz: Probably better than 33...Qh4 34.Ng2 Qh5 35.Qc6
 Rb8 36.Qxc3 Rb1+ 37.Ne1 Rxe1+ (Black had no time for
 37...Qe2, as White would mate in a few moves beginning with
 38.Qc8+) 38.Qxe1 Qf3+, and White's king has more freedom,
 although by best play it would also end in a draw.  The
 probable continuation would have been: 34.Rd1 Bxe1 35.Rxe1
 Qb7+ 36.Kg1 Ra6, and the game could hardly be won by either
 side.}
1/2-1/2

[Event "World Championship Match"] 
[Site "USA New York, NY (Manhattan Chess Club)"] 
[Date "1891.01.12"] 
[Round "15"] 
[White "Steinitz,W."] 
[Black "Gunsberg,I.A."] 
[Result "1/2-1/2"] 
[ECO "D35"] 
[LongECO "D35/01 (3rd ed.)"] 
[Opening "Queen's Indian: Spassky"] 
[Annotator "Gunsberg & Steinitz"] 
[Source "The Sun, New York, 1891.01.13"]
[Source "The World, New York, 1891.01.13"]
[Source "New-York Daily Tribune, 1891.01.13"]
1.Nf3 Nf6 2.d4 e6 3.e3 b6 
{Steinitz: It does not make much difference at which point
 the fianchetto is adopted early in the opening by the
 second player, but usually this is deferred.}
4.c4 Bb7 5.Nc3 d5 {[0:05-0:06]} 6.cxd5 Nxd5 
{Gunsberg: In a somewhat similar position in the thirteenth
 game, Black retook here with the pawn.  The text move is
 better.}
7.Bb5+ 
{Steinitz: It is generally a good plan to compel the
 adversary to close the diagonal of his bishop in the manner
 done in the text.}
7...c6 8.Bd3 Be7 9.e4 Nxc3
{Steinitz: This strengthens the adverse center, and 9...Nf6
 was preferable.}
10.bxc3 O-O {[0:12-0:12]} 11.O-O 
{Steinitz: 11.Be3 was probably superior.}
11...c5 12.Be3 cxd4 13.cxd4 Nc6 14.Rc1 
{Steinitz: With a view of playing Bb1, followed by Qd3 with
 a strong attack.}
14...Ba3 
{Gunsberg: With a view of preventing White from carrying out
 his plan of campaign, namely, to retire his bishop to b1
 and to play his queen to c2 or d3, either before or after
 pushing the pawn to e5, according to circumstances.}
15.Rc3 Bb4
{[0:26-0:21];
 Gunsberg: If 15...Bb2 instead White wins a piece by 16.Rxc6
 and 17.Qc2.;
 Steinitz: 15...Bb2 was probably Black's original intention,
 but he finds now that he would lose two minor pieces for
 the rook by the reply 16.Rxc6, followed by Qc2, winning one
 of the bishops.}
16.Rc4 
{Gunsberg: A very strong move which threatens to win a piece
 by pawn to d5 and also to bring the rook over to the
 kingside.}
16...Be7 
{Gunsberg: If 16...b5 instead, White would obtain a good
 attack against Black's loosened queen's wing after retiring
 the rook.}
17.Qa4 
{Gunsberg: Had he now played 17.d5, Black would have
 obtained a good game by 17...exd5 18.exd5 Nb4.}
17...Na5 
{Gunsberg: A good move which, however, required the minutest
 forecalculation. Black's game was menaced in the extreme,
 and it was very difficult to steer clear of all cliffs. Had
 he, for instance, played 17...Rc8 instead of the text move,
 White would have obtained an overwhelming position by
 doubling rooks, followed by pawn to d5.  Besides, Black had
 to guard against pawn to e5 and Be4, or Bb5, after retiring
 the rook.  The move actually made was the fruit of a deep
 combination which enabled Black to prevent his opponent
 from playing subsequently Bd2, which would otherwise lose
 a pawn.}
18.Rc2 Rc8 19.Rfc1 
{Gunsberg: If 19.Rxc8, then Black retakes with the bishop
 threatening ...Bd7.}
19...Rxc2 20.Rxc2
{Gunsberg: Steinitz remarked that 20.Qxc2 would have been
 superior.;
 Steinitz: 20.Qxc2 was much superior.}
20...Qa8
{[0:44-0:59];
 Gunsberg: This is the move upon which Black had relied in
 forming his defense. It not only releases his queen's wing
 from the pressure of White's attack, but also gives him the
 initiative.;
 Steinitz: A very fine move, which wins a pawn by force, at
 least temporarily.}
21.Nd2 Bc6 22.Bb5 Bxe4 23.Nxe4 Qxe4 24.Rc7 Bf6 
{Gunsberg: Better, perhaps, were 24...Bd6, with the
 following combination: 25.Rxa7 Qb1+ 26.Bf1 Bxh2+ 27.Kxh2
 Qxf1.;
 Steinitz: Black could have maintained the pawn by 24...Bd6
 25.Rxa7 Qb1+ 26.Bf1 Bxh2+ 27.Kxh2 Qxf1, but his b-pawn
 would have remained weak.}
25.Rxa7 Nc6 {[1:15-1:19]} 26.Ra8 
{Gunsberg: If 26.Rd7, Black continues with 26...Ne7 and
 ...Nd5.  It is obvious that White cannot play 26.Bxc6.;
 Steinitz: If 26.Rd7, Black would answer 26...Ne7, followed
 by ...Nd5.}
26...Nxd4 27.Rxf8+ Kxf8 28.Qa3+ Kg8 
{Gunsberg: If 28...Be7, White would have likewise remained
 with bishops of different colors.}
29.Qa6 {(Sealed)} 29...g5 30.Bxd4
{[2:11-2:10];
 Gunsberg: Of course not 30.Qxb6 because of 30...Qb1+,
 winning the queen.}
30...Bxd4 {[2:11-2:18]} 31.Bf1 Bc5 32.Qe2 Qd4 33.g4 Kg7
34.Qf3 Qa4 35.Qc3+ f6 {[2:20-2:20]} 36.Qc4 Qc6 37.Qe2 Qd6
38.Qf3 Qd4 39.Bd3
{Gunsberg: Here Black ought to have checked at a1 and
 captured the pawn, with good chances to win.  But he seemed
 to have overlooked the force of that move, for he accepted
 here the renewed proposal of a draw.;
 Steinitz: Steinitz afterward pointed out that Black could
 have here proceeded with 39...Qa1+ 40.Kg2 Qxa2 41.Qb7+ Kf8
 42.Qb8+ Kf7 43.Qc7+ Be7, and White dare not take the b-pawn
 on account of the rejoinder ...Qd5+, winning the bishop.
 However, if White then took the h-pawn he had fair
 prospects of making his defense good, and though the
 adverse b-pawn would have been troublesome for some
 time the game was hardly strong enough to win, especially
 if White did not exchange queens.}
1/2-1/2

[Event "World Championship Match"] 
[Site "USA New York, NY (Manhattan Chess Club)"] 
[Date "1891.01.15"] 
[Round "16"] 
[White "Gunsberg,I.A."] 
[Black "Steinitz,W."] 
[Result "1-0"] 
[ECO "C52"] 
[LongECO "C52/01 (3rd ed.)"]
[Opening "Evans Gambit: Steinitz"] 
[Annotator "Gunsberg & Steinitz"] 
[Source "The Sun, New York, 1891.01.16"]
[Source "The World, New York, 1891.01.16"]
[Source "New-York Daily Tribune, 1891.01.16"]
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.b4 Bxb4 5.c3 Ba5 {[0:01-0:01]}
6.O-O Qf6 7.d4 h6 8.Qa4 
{Gunsberg: In the fourteenth game White played Bb5 first.
 But as he had to play his queen afterwards to a4 it
 occurred to him that the present continuation would be
 better. It may be remarked here that had White now played
 8.Qb3 Black could have played 8...Nge7, and if 9.dxe5 Nxe5
 10.Nxe5 Qxe5 11.Bxf7+ Kd8 with a good position for the
 ending.;
 Steinitz: An alteration from game 14, which seems to
 strengthen White's attack.}
8...Bb6 9.Bb5 
{Gunsberg: Here 9.d5 or 9.Be3 deserves to be considered.
 But it is doubtful whether in either case White would
 obtain a better game than by the line of play which he
 adopted. After 9.d5 in some variations White may bring
 about an exchange of dark-squared bishops and may compel
 Black to retake with the c-pawn, but that may hardly be
 deemed sufficient compensation for the pawn he has
 sacrificed.}
9...Nge7 10.Ba3 exd4
{[0:17-0:16];
 Gunsberg: If 10...O-O, then of course 11.Bxc6 dxc6 12.Nxe5
 would recover the pawn; if 10...d6, then 11.d5 would win a
 piece. Black might have tried the odd move of 10...Rb8 with
 a view of playing ...a6 to displace the bishop. White would
 not do well to exchange both bishops for the sake of
 regaining the pawn, as he would remain with two knights
 against two bishops.  But there really is no seeming
 objections against 10...Ng6.;
 Steinitz: This seems now Black's best plan. If 10...Ng8 (or
 10...O-O 11.Bxc6, followed by 12.Nxe5) 11.Nbd2, followed
 soon after by Nc4 with an excellent game.}
11.e5 
{Gunsberg: The only way to continue the attack.}
11...Qg6 
{Gunsberg: White is here of the opinion that Black ought to
 have taken his chances by 11...Nxe5. Steinitz does not
 believe that he could have done that. But in practical play
 it would have been very difficult to find the right way to
 take advantage of Black's move. The best seems to be after
 11...Nxe5 12.Nxe5 Qxe5 13.Nd2 c6 14.Rfe1 Qxb5 15.Rxe7+ Kd8
 and it's now an open question whether the best continuation
 for White would be 16.Qxb5 or 16.Qd1. In either case the
 burden of proving the attack successfully is thrown upon
 White.;
 Steinitz: Evidently if 11...Nxe5 12.Re1 Nxf3+ 13.gxf3, and
 Black can't save the piece.}
12.cxd4 Nd5 13.Re1 
{Gunsberg: Best, for it still keeps Black's game confined
 and provides for playing Bf1 in certain contingencies.}
13...Nf4 
{Gunsberg: In the next few moves Black worked desperately
 hard to obtain a counter-attack.  However, 13...Nce7 seemed
 a good defensive move in this position.;
 Steinitz: This was probably premature, and 13...Nce7
 appears to be the better play.}
14.g3 Qg4 15.Nbd2 
{Gunsberg: It was extremely difficult to decide on the right
 move here, as Black threatened ...Nxd4. White ultimately
 found out that he could reply upon the following variation:
 15...Nxd4 16.Re4 Nxf3+ 17.Nxf3 Qxf3 18.Rxf4 Bxf2+ 19.Kf1
 Qh1+ 20.Kxf2 Qxa1 21.Qc4 and wins.}
15...Nh3+ {[0:47-1:01]} 16.Kg2 Ng5 
{Gunsberg: If 16...Nf4+, with a view of drawing, then White
 plays 17.Kh1, and if then 17...Nh3 again, Steinitz points
 out the following fine variation, showing that White can
 defend by 18.Re2, as Black dare not continue with 18...Nxd4
 on account of the powerful reply of 19.e6 fxe6 20.Ne5 and
 wins.;
 Steinitz: This was Black's best play. If 16...Nf4+ 17.Kh1
 Nh3 18.Re2, and should Black then play 18...Nxd4, then
 would follow  19.e6 fxe6 20.Ne5 with a winning attack.}
17.Bb2 
{Gunsberg: Though relinquishing the line of attack, it is
 probably his best. There is nothing much to be gotten out
 of 17.d5.}
17...Ne7 18.Be2 
{Gunsberg: In conformity with his last moves, White changes
 his tactics and brings his pieces back to repel Black's
 counter-attack, in order to be able to continue afterwards
 the attack with better prospects.}
18...Ne6 
{Steinitz: Not a good move. Much better was 18...Qe6.}
19.Kh1 Qf5 20.Nh4 
{Gunsberg: "White has now attained the object for which he
 temporarily withdrew his bishops. The only available square
 for Black's queen is on R 2, where she would be badly
 placed, and white could continue with 21 B-B 3, and his
 superior development ought to tell soon.";
 Steinitz: A good move under any circumstances but also
 involving a trap into which the opponent falls.  It should
 be stated that at this point Gunsberg touched the square at
 h4 with his knight, and then retracted the move, and after
 taking some time to consider and shaking his head as if he
 had made a mistake, finally adopted the move.  Thereupon I
 took the pawn, and on seeing my opponent's reply, 21.Ne4,
 resigned.  Then I taxed my opponent on the manner in which
 he had made his twentieth move, which was calculated to
 mislead, and I reminded him that in his match with Chigorin
 he had in a similar case brought a charge against the
 Russian master.  Gunsberg apologized, and gave his word of
 honor that he had not done it wilfully.}
20...Qxf2
{[1:17-1:20];
  Gunsberg: An error which loses the queen.}
21.Ne4
{[1:17-1:20];
 Gunsberg: If 21...Qe3, then 22.Bc4, and the queen has no
 more moves.;
 Steinitz: Of course the queen can only go to e3, and then
 follows 22.Bf1 and the queen has no move.}
1-0

[Event "World Championship Match"] 
[Site "USA New York, NY (Manhattan Chess Club)"] 
[Date "1891.01.17"] 
[Round "17"] 
[White "Steinitz,W."] 
[Black "Gunsberg,I.A."] 
[Result "1/2-1/2"] 
[ECO "D06"] 
[LongECO "D06/01 (3rd ed.)"] 
[Opening "Queen's Gambit: Marshall"] 
[Annotator "Steinitz"] 
[Source "New-York Daily Tribune, 1891.01.18"]
1.d4 d5 2.c4 Nf6 
{Not a good way of declining this gambit.}
3.cxd5 Nxd5 4.e4 Nf6 5.Nc3 e5
{[0:04-0:06];
 As will be seen, Black gets the worst of the position in
 consequence of this advance.}
6.dxe5 
{Stronger than 6.d5.}
6...Qxd1+ 7.Kxd1 Ng4 8.Nd5 
{White obtains now an attack, which ought to have yielded
 more profit than it did.}
8...Kd7 9.Nh3 
{9.Bf4 Nxf2+ 10.Ke1, followed by 11.Rd1, had its points, but
 Black, by then bringing out 10...Bc5, would have obtained a
 defensible game.}
9...c6 10.Nc3
{10.Ne3 was much stronger.}
10...Nxe5 {[0:41-0:20]} 11.f4 Ng4 12.Be2 Ke8 13.Kc2 Bc5
14.f5 Ne3+ 15.Kd3
{The attack here obtained is worth the pawn given up.}
15...Nxg2 {[0:51-0:33]} 16.b4 
{This was hardly as good as 16.Na4.}
16...Bxb4 17.Rg1 Nh4 18.Rxg7 Ng6 
{18...Nxf5 19.exf5 Bxf5+ 20.Kc4 Bxc3 21.Kxc3 Bxh3 22.Bh5 or
 22.Bc4 would have given White an excellent attack, although
 he was three pawns behind.}
19.fxg6 hxg6 20.Ng5 Be7
{[1:14-1:00];
 A very fine move, which is extremely difficult to answer.}
21.Rh7 
{Probably best. If 21.Rxf7 Bxg5 22.Rc7 Na6, etc.}
21...Rxh7 22.Nxh7 f6 23.Bf4 
{Here 23.e5 at once was much better play.}
23...Kf7 24.Rg1 Na6 25.e5 
{Inferior to 25.Kc2.}
25...Bf5+ {[1:43-1:20]} 26.Kd2 
{26.Kc4 was now a much better defense.}
26...Bb4 {(Adjourned)} 27.Rg3 {(Sealed)} 27...Nc5 28.Kc1
Ba3+ 29.Kd1 g5 30.Bc4+ Ne6 {[2:16-2:20]} 31.Nxg5+ fxg5
32.Bxg5 Rg8 33.h4 b5 34.Nxb5
{There was no necessity for this and White could have kept
 up the pressure by 34.Bb3, threatening Ne2 or Rf3 with a
 fine attack.}
34...cxb5 35.Bxe6+ Kxe6 {[2:25-2:25]} 36.Rxa3 Kxe5 37.Rxa7
Bd3 38.Kd2 Bf1 39.Kc3 Rc8+ 40.Kb4 Rg8 {[2:30-2:40]} 41.Ra5
Ke4 42.Ra6 Kf3 43.Rf6+ Kg2 44.Rf5 Be2 45.Be3 Bd3
{[2:35-3:05]} 46.Rf2+
{46.Rd5 was much stronger.}
46...Kg3 47.Rd2 Rg4+ 48.Kc5 Bc4 49.h5 Kf3 50.Bd4 Rg5+
{[2:45-3:13]} 51.Kb4 Rxh5 52.a4 Ke4 53.Bc5 Bd3 54.axb5 Rh1
55.Rb2 Kd5 {[2:50-3:33]} 56.Bf2 Rb1 1/2-1/2

[Event "World Championship Match"] 
[Site "USA New York, NY (Manhattan Chess Club)"] 
[Date "1891.01.21"] 
[Round "18"] 
[White "Gunsberg,I.A."] 
[Black "Steinitz,W."] 
[Result "0-1"] 
[ECO "C52"] 
[LongECO "C52/01 (3rd ed.)"]
[Opening "Evans Gambit: Steinitz"] 
[Annotator "Steinitz"] 
[Source "The Sun, New York, 1891.01.22"]
[Source "New-York Daily Tribune, 1891.01.22"]
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.b4 Bxb4 5.c3 Ba5 {[0:01-0:01]}
6.0-0 Qf6 7.d4 Nge7 
{In the early games played between Chigorin and Steinitz at
 Havana this move was always adopted by the defense:
 7...Nh6, as in the cable match, was an afterthought that
 came up in one of the consultation games at the end of the
 match.}
8.Qa4 Bb6 9.Bg5 
{Chigorin generally played here 8.d5 first, followed by
 9.Qa4.}
9...Qd6 10.Na3 exd4
{[0:25-0:05];
 White's establishing a center is now much neutralized by
 having his knight at a3 and his being able to maneuver it
 to c3, his strongest post.}
11.Nb5 Qg6 12.cxd4 a6 
{Threatening ...axb5 followed by ...bxc4.}
13.d5 Ne5 14.Nxe5 Qxg5 15.Nf3 Qh6 {[0:25-0:32]} 16.Bb3 0-0
17.Rac1 c6 18.Nbd4 c5 19.Ne2 d6 20.Ng3 Bd8
{[0:45-0:45];
 A weak move; 20...Bc7 was much superior.}
21.e5 b5 22.Qa3 c4 23.exd6 Nxd5 24.Bc2 b4 
{Somewhat doubtful. It was perhaps more advisable to keep
 the pawns on the queenside together.}
25.Qa4 Qxd6 {[0:58-1:05]} 26.Be4 Nb6 27.Qc2 Rb8 28.Bxh7+ Kh8
29.Rcd1 Qh6 30.Bf5 g6 
{A grave error; 30...c3 was the correct play and he had then
 much less to fear from the knight coming in at f5 after
 exchanging bishops.}
31.Bxc8 Rxc8 32.Qb2+ Qg7 33.Qxb4 Bc7 34.Rd4 Rfd8 35.Rh4+ 
{Serious loss of time that greatly compromises his prospects
 of drawing.}
35...Kg8 {[1:10-1:50]} 36.Ng5 Rd7 37.Re4 c3 38.Rfe1 
{38.Rc1 at once was here much better.}
38...Rdd8 39.Ne2 Nd5 40.Qa4 Qf6 
{This move releases the king and greatly strengthens Black's
 attack.}
41.Nf3 Bb6 42.Rc1 c2 
{Quite decisive.}
43.h3 
{Perhaps 43.Kf1 was a better defense.}
43...Qb2 44.Qb3 Qxb3 45.axb3 a5 {[3:05-2:55]} 46.Rc4 Rxc4
47.bxc4 Nb4 48.g3 Bxf2+ 
{Quite good enough.}
49.Kxf2 Nd3+ 50.Ke3 Nxc1 {[3:30-2:56]} 51.Nxc1 Rd1 52.Ne2 a4 
{Not to let the adverse king pass at once and also gaining
 important time for finishing quickly.}
53.Nfd4 c1Q+ 54.Nxc1 Rxc1 {[3:32-2:58]} 0-1 

[Event "World Championship Match"] 
[Site "USA New York, NY (Manhattan Chess Club)"] 
[Date "1891.01.22"] 
[Round "19"] 
[White "Steinitz,W."] 
[Black "Gunsberg,I.A."] 
[Result "1/2-1/2"] 
[ECO "D40"] 
[LongECO "D40/01 (3rd ed.)"] 
[Opening "Queen's Gambit Declined: Semi-Tarrasch"] 
[Annotator "Steinitz"] 
[Source "The Sun, New York, 1891.01.23"]
[Source "New-York Daily Tribune, 1891.01.23"]
1.d4 d5 2.e3 Nf6 3.c4 e6 4.Nc3 Be7 5.Nf3 O-O {[0:02-0:03]}
6.Be2
{In the early part of the match Steinitz usually played
 6.Bd3, but he has come to the conclusion that it is of no
 use directing the bishop against the kingside, and that
 this piece could be better employed in most variations at
 f3, after removing the knight.}
6...dxc4 7.Bxc4 c5 8.O-O Nc6 9.dxc5 Bxc5 10.Qxd8 Rxd8
{[0:05-0:05]} 11.Bd2 a6 
{Hardly a good move.  It could have had no other sensible
 object than to advance ...b5, and, as will be seen, this
 would have greatly weakened his queenside.}
12.Rac1 Ba7 
{Obviously, if 12...b5 13.Nxb5 axb5 14.Bxb5, and recovers
 the piece with at least one pawn ahead, even if Black gets
 the a-pawn.}
13.Rfd1 Bd7 14.Be1 Ng4 15.e4 
{Black threatened either ...Bxe3 or ...Nxe3, which would
 have given him a rook and two pawns for two minor pieces,
 which is rather more than an equivalent in the majority of
 cases.}
15...Nce5 {[0:24-0:20]} 16.Nxe5 Nxe5 17.Be2 Bc6 18.Kf1 Bd4
19.f3 Rd7 20.Bf2 Rad8
{[0:43-0:26];
 If 20...Bxc3 21.Rxc3 Rxd1+ 22.Bxd1 Rd8 23.Be2 (best)
 23...Rd2 24.Bg3, followed either by exchanging the knight
 or, if the knight moves, by 25.Bxa6.}
21.Bxd4 Rxd4 22.Rxd4 Rxd4 23.Rd1 Rxd1+ 24.Nxd1 Kf8 25.Ke1
Ng6 {[0:45-0:30]} 26.Ne3 Ke7 27.Kd2 Kd6 28.Kc3 Kc5 29.g3 
{29.Nc4, though it looks strong, would have been answered by
 29...Bb5, and White could not get any advantage out if the
 position.}
29...Bb5 30.b4+ Kb6 {[0:54-0:40]} 31.Bd1 Kc7 32.a4 Bd7
33.f4 Bc6 34.Kd4 Ne7 35.Bb3 Be8 {[1:15-0:45]} 36.Nc4 Nc6+
37.Kc5 Nd8
{Threatening ...b6+, followed by ...Nb7+ in case White takes
 the pawn.}
38.Nb6 
{Stopping that maneuver and exercising a very commanding
 position on Black's crowded pieces.}
38...f6 39.b5 axb5 40.axb5 Bg6 {[1:35-0:55]} 41.Bc2 Bh5
{[1:36-0:56]
 The game in my database says 41...h5, but the two sources I
 used clearly state 41...Bh5.-[Pope]}
1/2-1/2
